College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China; Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Nov 30;164:696-703. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.072. Epub 2018 Aug 29.
Pollution has become a serious issue in the urban water environment as stormwater runoff transports a range of pollutants to receiving water bodies, undermining water quality and posing human and ecosystem health risks. Commonly, the primary focus of stormwater quality research is on the role of pollutants directly accumulating at the ground phase. However, atmospheric phase can also exert a significant impact on stormwater quality through atmospheric deposition. Unfortunately, only limited research has focused on the linkage between atmospheric and ground phases in relation to urban stormwater quality. The study discussed in this paper characterised the four primary transport pathways, atmospheric build-up (AB), atmospheric deposition (AD) and road surface build-up (BU) and wash-off (WO) in relation to heavy metals, which is a key urban stormwater pollutant. The research outcomes confirmed the direct linkage between atmospheric phase and ground phase and in turn the significance of atmospheric heavy metals as a contributing source to stormwater runoff pollution. Zn was the most dominant heavy metal in all four pathways. For the AB pathway, atmospheric heavy metal pollution on weekdays is more serious than weekends. For the AD pathway, dry atmospheric deposition of heavy metals is positively correlated to dry days, whilst wet (bulk) deposition is related to rainfall depth. For the BU pathway, heavy-duty vehicle traffic volume was found to be the most important source. For the WO pathway, industrial and commercial areas tend to produce higher heavy metal concentrations in stormwater runoff than residential areas. The study results will contribute to the creation of effective urban stormwater pollution mitigation strategies and thereby enhancing the quality of the urban water environment.
污染已成为城市水环境中的一个严重问题，因为雨水径流将各种污染物输送到受纳水体，破坏了水质，对人类和生态系统健康构成了威胁。通常，雨水水质研究的主要焦点是直接在地面上积累的污染物的作用。然而，大气相也可以通过大气沉积对雨水水质产生重大影响。遗憾的是，只有有限的研究关注大气相与地面相之间与城市雨水水质有关的联系。本文讨论的研究描述了与重金属有关的四个主要传输途径，即大气累积（AB）、大气沉降（AD）和路面累积（BU）和冲刷（WO），重金属是一种关键的城市雨水污染物。研究结果证实了大气相与地面相之间的直接联系，以及大气重金属作为雨水径流污染的一个重要来源的重要性。Zn 是所有四个途径中最主要的重金属。对于 AB 途径，工作日大气重金属污染比周末更为严重。对于 AD 途径，干燥大气中重金属的沉积与干燥天数呈正相关，而湿（总）沉积与降雨量有关。对于 BU 途径，发现重型车辆交通量是最重要的来源。对于 WO 途径，工业和商业区的雨水径流中重金属浓度往往高于居民区。研究结果将有助于制定有效的城市雨水污染缓解策略，从而提高城市水环境的质量。
