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养殖大西洋鲑（Salmo salar L.）的性成熟与降海洄游——是否存在发育冲突？

Sexual maturation and smoltification in domesticated Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) - is there a developmental conflict?

作者信息

Fjelldal Per Gunnar, Schulz Rüdiger, Nilsen Tom O, Andersson Eva, Norberg Birgitta, Hansen Tom Johnny

机构信息

Institute of Marine research (IMR), Matre Aquaculture Research Station, Matredal, Norway.

Institute of Marine research (IMR), Nordnes, Bergen, Norway.

出版信息

Physiol Rep. 2018 Sep;6(17):e13809. doi: 10.14814/phy2.13809.

DOI:10.14814/phy2.13809
PMID:30175449
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6119700/
Abstract

We present data from two experiments that examined how the developmental processes of smoltification and sexual maturation proceed in parallel in domesticated Atlantic salmon. Onset of maturation and smoltification was stimulated using temperature and photoperiod. Our observations on gonadosomatic index (GSI), spermatogenic activity, gill Na+, K+-ATPase enzyme (NKA) activity, and plasma 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), Na, Cl, and Ca show that smoltification and maturation were both triggered and developed in parallel in male Atlantic salmon, but that the progressing maturation impaired hypoosmoregulation. Female maturation started after completion of smoltification. Furthermore, we present data showing that domesticated salmon can physiologically smoltify-desmoltify-resmoltify within a short period of time, and that development of a secondary sexual characteristic, such as a kype, depends on size in male postsmolts.

摘要

我们展示了两项实验的数据，这些实验研究了养殖大西洋鲑鱼的洄游型转化和性成熟这两个发育过程是如何并行进行的。通过温度和光周期刺激成熟和洄游型转化的开始。我们对性腺指数（GSI）、精子发生活性、鳃钠钾ATP酶（NKA）活性以及血浆11-酮睾酮（11-KT）、钠、氯和钙的观察表明，雄性大西洋鲑鱼的洄游型转化和成熟都是被触发并并行发展的，但成熟过程的推进损害了低渗调节能力。雌性成熟在洄游型转化完成后开始。此外，我们还展示了数据，表明养殖鲑鱼能够在短时间内进行生理上的洄游型转化-逆洄游型转化-再洄游型转化，并且诸如凸颌等第二性征的发育取决于雄性洄游后幼鱼的大小。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/af53/6119700/57546d2a6077/PHY2-6-e13809-g011.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/af53/6119700/134c7410be9e/PHY2-6-e13809-g002.jpg
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