Gomes Luciano Teles, de Almeida Barros Mourão Carlos Fernando, Braga Cícero Luiz, de Almeida Luiz Fernando Duarte, de Mello-Machado Rafael Coutinho, Calasans-Maia Mônica Diuana
Staff of Hospital Federal de Ipanema, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Department of Oral Surgery, Federal Fluminense University, Rio de Janeiro, Niterói, Brazil.
Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018 Dec;22(4):379-384. doi: 10.1007/s10006-018-0716-8. Epub 2018 Sep 3.
To evaluate the prevalence, location, length, diameter, and distances related to the incisive canal (IC) and the need for cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as a complementary exam prior to surgery in the mental region.
One hundred CBCT images from patients of both genders aged 27 to 73 years were evaluated. At every 3 mm, the diameter (DIAM) of the right and left ICs and their location, their distance to base of the jaw (BIC), the buccal (BAIC) and lingual (LAIC) aspects, and their length were measured.
The 100 patients comprised 50 men (50%) and 50 women (50%). The IC was detected in 78 patients, more frequently in women (80%) than in men (76%). Measurements were taken in millimeters. The mean measurements for the two sides and for men and women combined were as follows: BIC = 10.0, BAIC = 4.0, LAIC = 6.2, ICL = 19.9, and DIAM = 1.4.
The measurements show the need for care from professionals when performing intraosseous surgical procedures in the mental region. The distances between the IC and the references studied must be observed. Thus, CBCT becomes essential for surgical planning in the mental region.
The mental region of the mandible is considered a safe area to perform surgical procedures such as the placement of osseointegrated implants, orthognathic surgery, and the removal of bone grafts. However, this region includes important neurovascular structures that must be considered or else hemorrhage and neurologic disorders can be experienced.
评估下颌正中区域手术前与切牙管（IC）相关的患病率、位置、长度、直径及距离，以及锥束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）作为补充检查的必要性。
评估了100例年龄在27至73岁之间的男女患者的CBCT图像。每隔3毫米测量左右IC的直径（DIAM）及其位置、到下颌骨基部的距离（BIC）、颊侧（BAIC）和舌侧（LAIC）情况以及它们的长度。
100例患者中，男性50例（50%），女性50例（50%）。78例患者检测到IC，女性（80%）比男性（76%）更常见。测量值以毫米为单位。两侧以及男女合并的平均测量值如下：BIC = 10.0，BAIC = 4.0，LAIC = 6.2，ICL = 19.9，DIAM = 1.4。
测量结果表明，在下颌正中区域进行骨内手术时，专业人员需要谨慎操作。必须注意IC与所研究参考点之间的距离。因此，CBCT对于下颌正中区域的手术规划至关重要。
下颌正中区域被认为是进行诸如种植体植入、正颌手术和骨移植取出等手术的安全区域。然而，该区域包含重要的神经血管结构，必须加以考虑，否则可能会出现出血和神经紊乱。
