Rego Marcelo A S, Sabbag Omar J, Soares Roberta B, Peixoto Silvio
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe, Campus Estância, Rua Café Filho, 260, Cidade Nova, 49200-000 Estância, SE, Brazil.
Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Tecnologia de Alimentos e Socioeconomia, Av. Brasil Centro, 56, 15385-000 Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2018 Oct-Dec;90(4):3705-3716. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170953. Epub 2018 Sep 3.
Shrimp farming has a great ecological, economic, and social importance in northeastern Brazil. Although the conventional farming system is widely used, biofloc technology (BFT) system has been developed to reduce environmental impacts and optimizing the production. Thus,the present study evaluated the technical efficiency of production cycles of Litopenaeus vannamei in conventional and BFT systems.We analyzed 48 production cycles in the conventional system in 2013 and 2014 and 9 cycles in the BFT system in 2014 through data envelopment analysis (DEA). The inputs corresponded to the population density (post-larvae m-2), amount of feed (kg ha-1 cycle-1), labor (man ha-1) and power supply (HP ha-1), whereas the yield (kg ha-1 cycle-1) was considered the output. The results indicated four production cycles (7.0%) technically efficient, three in the conventional system and one in the BFT. By comparing the productive systems, there was significant difference in their mean scores of technical efficiency. There was a greater influence of the management inefficiency on the conventional system, while the production scale reduced the average scores of technical efficiency in the BFT system. These results may help to improve the development of sustainable L. vannamei farming in both systems by reducing waste and increasing profits.
对巴西东北部而言，对虾养殖具有重大的生态、经济和社会意义。尽管传统养殖系统被广泛应用，但生物絮团技术（BFT）系统已被开发出来，以减少环境影响并优化生产。因此，本研究评估了凡纳滨对虾在传统系统和BFT系统中的生产周期技术效率。我们通过数据包络分析（DEA），分析了2013年和2014年传统系统中的48个生产周期以及2014年BFT系统中的9个生产周期。输入项包括种群密度（幼体/m²）、饲料量（kg·ha⁻¹·周期⁻¹）、劳动力（人·ha⁻¹）和电力供应（马力·ha⁻¹），而产量（kg·ha⁻¹·周期⁻¹）被视为输出项。结果表明，有4个生产周期（7.0%）技术效率高，其中3个在传统系统，1个在BFT系统。通过比较生产系统，它们的技术效率平均得分存在显著差异。管理效率低下对传统系统的影响更大，而生产规模降低了BFT系统的技术效率平均得分。这些结果可能有助于通过减少浪费和增加利润来促进这两种系统中凡纳滨对虾可持续养殖的发展。
