Palmieri Giuseppe, Colombino Maria, Casula Milena, Budroni Mario, Manca Antonella, Sini Maria Cristina, Lissia Amelia, Stanganelli Ignazio, Ascierto Paolo A, Cossu Antonio
Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Sassari, Italy.
Department of Pathology, Hospital-University Health Unit (AOU), Sassari, Italy.
Melanoma Manag. 2015 May;2(2):149-163. doi: 10.2217/mmt.15.12. Epub 2015 May 18.
Among human cancers, melanoma remains one of the malignancies with an ever-growing incidence in white populations. Recent advances in biological and immunological therapeutic approaches as well as increased efforts for secondary prevention are contributing to improve the survival rates. It is likely that a significant fall in mortality rates for melanoma will be achieved by further increase of the early detection through a more accurate selection of the higher-risk individuals (i.e., carriers of predisposing genetic alterations). A similar scenario occurs in Italy. In the present review, we have considered data on incidence, survival and mortality rates of melanoma in Italian population, including evaluation of the main risk factors and genetic mutations underlying disease susceptibility.
在人类癌症中，黑色素瘤仍然是白人群体中发病率不断上升的恶性肿瘤之一。生物和免疫治疗方法的最新进展以及二级预防力度的加大有助于提高生存率。通过更准确地筛选高危个体（即携带易感性基因改变的个体）进一步提高早期检测率，黑色素瘤的死亡率很可能会显著下降。意大利也出现了类似情况。在本综述中，我们考虑了意大利人群中黑色素瘤的发病率、生存率和死亡率数据，包括对疾病易感性的主要风险因素和基因突变的评估。
