St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2018 Jun;83(6):662-673. doi: 10.1134/S0006297918060044.
A variety of living organisms including bacteria, fungi, animals, and plants use blue light (BL) to adapt to changing ambient light. Photosynthetic forms (plants and algae) require energy of light for photosynthesis, movements, development, and regulation of activity. Several complex light-sensitive systems evolved in eukaryotic cells to use the information of light efficiently with photoreceptors selectively absorbing various segments of the solar spectrum, being the first components in the light signal transduction chain. They are most diverse in algae. Photosynthetic stramenopiles, which received chloroplasts from red algae during secondary symbiosis, play an important role in ecosystems and aquaculture, being primary producers. These taxa acquired the ability to use BL for regulation of such processes as phototropism, chloroplast photo-relocation movement, and photomorphogenesis. A new type of BL receptor - aureochrome (AUREO) - was identified in Vaucheria frigida in 2007. AUREO consists of two domains: bZIP (basic-region leucine zipper) domain and LOV (light-oxygen-voltage-sensing) domain, and thus this photoreceptor is a BL-sensitive transcription factor. This review presents current data on the structure, mechanisms of action, and biochemical features of aureochromes.
包括细菌、真菌、动物和植物在内的各种生物利用蓝光 (BL) 来适应不断变化的环境光。光合形式（植物和藻类）需要光来进行光合作用、运动、发育和活动调节。几种复杂的光敏感系统在真核细胞中进化，利用光感受器选择性地吸收太阳光谱的各个部分，从而有效地利用信息，光感受器是光信号转导链中的第一个组件。它们在藻类中最为多样化。光合不等鞭毛类，在二次共生中从红藻获得叶绿体，在生态系统和水产养殖中发挥着重要作用，是初级生产者。这些分类单元获得了利用 BL 调节向光性、叶绿体光定位运动和光形态发生等过程的能力。2007 年在 Vaucheria frigida 中鉴定出了一种新型 BL 受体 - aureochrome (AUREO)。AUREO 由两个结构域组成：bZIP（碱性区亮氨酸拉链）结构域和 LOV（光-氧-电压感应）结构域，因此这种光感受器是 BL 敏感的转录因子。本综述介绍了 aureochromes 的结构、作用机制和生化特征的最新数据。
