大气颗粒物在氯消毒过程中对雨水形成 CXR 型消毒副产物的贡献。
The contribution of atmospheric particulate matter to the formation of CXR-type disinfection by-products in rainwater during chlorination.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, National Centre for International Research of Sustainable Urban Water System, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, National Centre for International Research of Sustainable Urban Water System, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
出版信息
Water Res. 2018 Nov 15;145:531-540. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.047. Epub 2018 Aug 24.
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) can be scavenged by rainfall and contribute dissolved organic matter (DOM) to rainwater. Rainwater may serve as a part or the whole of drinking water sources, leading to the introduction of PM-derived DOM into drinking water. However, little information is available on the role of PM-derived DOM as a remarkable precursor of CXR-type disinfection by-products (DBPs) in rainwater. In this study, samples were collected from ten occurrences of rainfall in Shanghai and batch experiments were executed to explore the contribution of PM-derived DOM to CXR-type DBP formation in rainwater and to further understand some of unknowns regarding its characteristics. Results revealed that a part of PM was scavenged by rainfall and the scavenge performance was better for smaller PM. The formation potentials (FPs) of individual CXR-type DBP were similar among size-isolated PM. TCM was predominant (around 0.5-4.5 μg-C/mg-C) and TCAA was the secondary (around 0.6-3.2 μg-C/mg-C) among all detectable CXR-type DBPs. Based on the PM removal data and DBP FP results, the contribution of PM-derived DOM to CXR-type DBP formation in rainwater was modeled. Furthermore, aromatic proteins and soluble microbial product-like compounds were found to be significant compositions, which were reported to be DBP precursors. And low molecular weight (< 10 kDa) DOM derived from total PM and rainwater exhibited higher CXR-type DBP FPs. DOM fractions with higher SUVA and SUVA values gave relatively higher yields of CXR-type DBPs, indicating that aromatic compounds played an important role in DBP formation.
大气颗粒物（PM）可被雨水清除，并将溶解有机物（DOM）贡献给雨水。雨水可能作为部分或全部饮用水源，从而将 PM 衍生 DOM 引入饮用水中。然而，关于 PM 衍生 DOM 作为雨水 CXR 型消毒副产物（DBP）形成的显著前体的作用，信息甚少。在本研究中，采集了上海十次降雨事件的样本，并进行了批量实验，以探究 PM 衍生 DOM 对雨水 CXR 型 DBP 形成的贡献，并进一步了解其特性的一些未知因素。结果表明，一部分 PM 被雨水清除，且较小的 PM 清除效果更好。大小分离的 PM 中各 CXR 型 DBP 的形成潜能（FP）相似。TCM 占主导地位（约 0.5-4.5μg-C/mg-C），TCAA 次之（约 0.6-3.2μg-C/mg-C），是所有可检测到的 CXR 型 DBP 中的次要成分。基于 PM 去除数据和 DBP FP 结果，建立了 PM 衍生 DOM 对雨水 CXR 型 DBP 形成的贡献模型。此外，发现芳香族蛋白和类似可溶微生物产物的化合物是重要的组成部分，它们被报道为 DBP 前体。来自总 PM 和雨水的低分子量（<10 kDa）DOM 具有较高的 CXR 型 DBP FP。具有较高 SUVA 和 SUVA 值的 DOM 分数产生了相对较高的 CXR 型 DBP 产量，表明芳香族化合物在 DBP 形成中起重要作用。
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