a Department of Transcription Regulation and Chromatin Dynamics , Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia.
Nucleus. 2018;9(1):460-473. doi: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1516484.
Origin recognition complex (ORC), a heteromeric six-subunit complex, is the central component of the eukaryotic pre-replication complex. Recent data from yeast, frogs, flies and mammals present compelling evidence that ORC and its individual subunits have nonreplicative functions as well. The majority of these functions, such as heterochromatin formation, chromosome condensation, and segregation are dependent on ORC-DNA interactions. Furthermore, ORC is involved in the control of cell division via its participation in centrosome duplication and cytokinesis. Recent findings have also demonstrated a direct interaction between ORC and mRNPs and highlighted an essential role of ORC in mRNA nuclear export. Along with the growth of evolutionary complexity of organisms, ORC complex functions become more elaborate and new functions of the ORC sub-complexes and individual subunits have emerged.
起始识别复合物（ORC）是一种异六聚体复合物，是真核细胞复制前复合物的核心组成部分。来自酵母、青蛙、苍蝇和哺乳动物的最新数据提供了令人信服的证据，表明 ORC 及其各个亚基也具有非复制功能。这些功能中的大多数，如异染色质形成、染色体浓缩和分离，都依赖于 ORC-DNA 相互作用。此外，ORC 通过参与中心体复制和胞质分裂来控制细胞分裂。最近的发现还表明 ORC 与 mRNPs 之间存在直接相互作用，并强调了 ORC 在 mRNA 核输出中的重要作用。随着生物体进化复杂性的增长，ORC 复合物的功能变得更加复杂，ORC 亚复合物和各个亚基的新功能也相继出现。
