Wang Xiaoshuai, Bjerg Bjarne Schmidt, Choi Christopher Y, Zong Chao, Zhang Guoqiang
Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Large Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 2, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
J Therm Biol. 2018 Oct;77:24-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.08.005. Epub 2018 Aug 9.
Many thermal indices have been developed to assess the levels of heat stress imposed on cattle during hot weather. In this paper, the 16 cattle-related thermal indices are critically reviewed. The primary emphasis is to evaluate each index's coherence to the typical heat transfer characteristics of a cow. Other perspectives including incorporated environmental parameters in the equation(s), experimental data, correlated physiological responses, heat-stress thresholds, scope of application, specific cattle breed involved, and experiment location(s) are also well categorised and discussed. The coherence evaluation indicates that the main effects of environmental parameters on heat stress have been properly reflected, while some interactions between the parameters have been treated differently. Given the variety of the equations used to define the 16 indices and the wide range of information used to develop each index, we conclude that each thermal index is distinct to an extent that it should be selected and employed carefully.
人们已经开发出许多热指标来评估炎热天气期间施加在牛身上的热应激水平。本文对16个与牛相关的热指标进行了批判性综述。主要重点是评估每个指标与奶牛典型传热特性的一致性。其他方面，包括方程中纳入的环境参数、实验数据、相关生理反应、热应激阈值、应用范围、涉及的特定牛品种以及实验地点等，也都得到了很好的分类和讨论。一致性评估表明，环境参数对热应激的主要影响已得到恰当反映，而参数之间的一些相互作用则有不同处理方式。鉴于用于定义这16个指标的方程多种多样，且开发每个指标所使用的信息范围广泛，我们得出结论，每个热指标都有其独特之处，应谨慎选择和使用。
