Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Western Institute for Food Safety and Security, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Sep 10;15(9):1970. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15091970.
This study characterized microbiological and chemical contamination of oyster meat and estuarine water in Phang Nga, Thailand. Pooled oyster meats ( = 144), estuarine waters ( = 96) and environmental parameters were collected from March, 2016 to February, 2017, and assessed for levels of total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), (EC), and (VP), presence of and and levels of heavy metals (Mn, Pb and Cd). The prevalence of TC, FC and EC were in 99.3%, 94.4% and 93.1% of oyster meat and 94.8%, 79.2%, and 78.1% of water, respectively. The average VP levels was 8.5 × 10⁷ most probable number (MPN)/g oyster. Prevalence of and in the pooled oysters were 7.6% and 30.6%, respectively. The dominant serovars were Paratyphi B followed by Seremban, and Kentucky. In contrast, the prevalence of were 27.1%, but was not detected in estuarine water. Factors statistically associated with EC accumulation in oyster were level of FC, 7-day average precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, and presence of in the sample. The optimal cutoff value of EC to predict in oyster was 420 MPN/g. Results indicate this area has relatively safe levels of heavy metals, whereas bacterial contamination was very high for oysters.
本研究对泰国攀牙的牡蛎肉和港湾水的微生物和化学污染进行了特征描述。于 2016 年 3 月至 2017 年 2 月期间采集了混合牡蛎肉（=144）、港湾水（=96）和环境参数，并评估了总大肠菌群（TC）、粪大肠菌群（FC）、肠球菌（EC）和弧菌（VP）的水平、和的存在情况以及重金属（Mn、Pb 和 Cd）的含量。牡蛎肉中 TC、FC 和 EC 的流行率分别为 99.3%、94.4%和 93.1%，而水中的流行率分别为 94.8%、79.2%和 78.1%。VP 的平均水平为 8.5×107 个最可能数（MPN）/g 牡蛎。混合牡蛎中 和 的流行率分别为 7.6%和 30.6%。优势 血清型为副伤寒 B 型，其次是 Seremban 和 Kentucky 型。相比之下，的流行率为 27.1%，但港湾水中未检测到。与牡蛎中 EC 积累相关的统计学因素是 FC 水平、7 天平均降水量、温度、相对湿度和样品中存在。预测牡蛎中存在的 EC 的最佳截断值为 420 MPN/g。结果表明，该地区重金属含量相对安全，而牡蛎的细菌污染非常严重。
