Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.
University of Alberta Libraries, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Support Care Cancer. 2019 Feb;27(2):333-349. doi: 10.1007/s00520-018-4458-9. Epub 2018 Sep 10.
Oral nutritional supplements and fortified foods, here considered supplemented food products (SFP), are recommended as part of nutrition therapy guidelines to treat malnutrition among cancer patients. However, their successful use is limited by patients' failure to meet recommended intakes. This systematic review aimed to identify sensory preferences for SFP among cancer patients and evaluate the methodologies employed in sensory preference assessment.
A systematic search was conducted in several relevant databases yielding 1056 papers of which 19 met the inclusion criteria. Two authors independently selected papers and extracted findings. The included papers were categorized according to the focus of the preference assessment.
Studies comparing sensory preferences for SFP of cancer patients with those of a control group suggested that the liking for SFP by cancer patients differs from healthy participants. Patient heterogeneity in site and stage of tumor, variation in study methodologies, and type of treatment complicated a conclusion regarding the effects of cancer treatment and taste changes on taste preferences. However, some general results were observed among the studies, such as the preference for fresh milk-based supplements when compared with other supplement types.
This review highlighted the need for consistent reporting and control of variables that influence the sensory characteristics of SFP when sensory preferences are assessed in the clinical setting. Attention to these methodological details will enhance the reliability and accuracy of sensory preference assessment among cancer patients for realistic evaluation of SFP targeted to their nutritional needs.
口服营养补充剂和强化食品（以下简称补充食品）被推荐作为癌症患者营养治疗指南的一部分，以治疗营养不良。然而，由于患者未能达到推荐的摄入量，其使用效果受到限制。本系统评价旨在确定癌症患者对补充食品的感官偏好，并评估感官偏好评估中采用的方法学。
在几个相关数据库中进行了系统搜索，得到了 1056 篇论文，其中 19 篇符合纳入标准。两位作者独立选择论文并提取发现。根据偏好评估的重点，将纳入的论文进行分类。
比较癌症患者和对照组对补充食品的感官偏好的研究表明，癌症患者对补充食品的喜好与健康参与者不同。肿瘤部位和阶段的患者异质性、研究方法的变化以及治疗类型使癌症治疗和味觉变化对味觉偏好的影响难以得出结论。然而，在这些研究中观察到了一些一般结果，例如与其他补充类型相比，患者更喜欢新鲜牛奶基补充剂。
本综述强调了在临床环境中评估感官偏好时，需要一致报告和控制影响补充食品感官特征的变量。关注这些方法学细节将提高癌症患者感官偏好评估的可靠性和准确性，以便对针对其营养需求的补充食品进行实际评估。
