Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York.
Decker School of Nursing, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York.
Am J Hum Biol. 2018 Sep;30(5):e23177. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23177. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consistency of the circadian patterns of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) variation over a three-month time frame in women employed outside the home.
The subjects were 157 healthy women of varying ethnicity (age = 38.2 ± 8.9) who all worked in similar positions at two major medical centers in New York City. Each wore an ambulatory BP monitor during the course of three mid-week work days approximately one month apart. Hourly BPs and HRs were calculated from 9 am to 6 am the following morning and compared among the three days using anova and t tests.
The results indicate that there were virtually no differences in the mean hourly levels of any parameter during the waking period across the three days of assessment. However, mean hourly levels of systolic BP significantly declined from 12 pm to 4 am (P < .04, P = .001, P < .001, P = .001, P = .009, respectively) on the third assessment day compared to the first.
Because BP and HR respond to environmental demands in an allostatic fashion, the consistency in the waking patterns of BP and HR variation suggest that the patterns of demands on a workday are reasonably stable in this sample of women. The decline in systolic pressures from 12 pm to 4 am over the three assessments may indicate an improving ability to sleep with the monitor over time.
本研究旨在评估女性在三个月的时间内，血压（BP）和心率（HR）变化的昼夜节律模式的一致性。
本研究对象为 157 名不同种族的健康女性（年龄为 38.2±8.9 岁），她们均在纽约市的两家主要医疗中心从事相似的工作。每位女性在三个大约相隔一个月的周三工作日期间佩戴动态血压监测仪。从上午 9 点到次日上午 6 点计算每小时的血压和心率，并使用方差分析和 t 检验比较三天的数据。
结果表明，在评估的三天中，清醒期任何参数的平均每小时水平几乎没有差异。然而，与第一天相比，第三天的 12 点到 4 点之间的收缩压平均每小时水平显著下降（P<.04，P=.001，P<.001，P=.001，P=.009）。
由于 BP 和 HR 以适应性的方式对环境需求做出反应，BP 和 HR 变化的清醒模式的一致性表明，在这个女性样本中，工作日的需求模式相当稳定。在三次评估中，从 12 点到 4 点的收缩压下降可能表明随着时间的推移，佩戴监测器时睡眠能力有所提高。
