Trevisan Camila M, Montagna Erik, de Oliveira Renato, Christofolini Denise M, Barbosa Caio P, Crandall Keith A, Bianco Bianca
Human Reproduction and Genetics Center - Department of Collective Health, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
Division of Post Graduation, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;49(4):1259-1276. doi: 10.1159/000493406. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
Kisspeptin is involved in the control of human reproduction bridging the gap between the sex steroid levels and feedback mechanisms that control the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion; however, studies considering this peptide and infertility are limited. We conducted a review and critical assessment of available evidence considering kisspeptin structure, physiology, function in puberty and reproduction, its role in assisted reproduction treatments, kisspeptin dosage and the impact on KISS1 and GPR54 genes. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed using keywords related to: (i) kisspeptin or receptors, kisspeptin-1 (ii) reproduction or infertility or fertility (iii) gene and (iv) dosage or measurement or quantification or serum level, in human. Kisspeptin is a product of KISS1 gene that binds to a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR54/KISS1R) stimulating the release of GnRH by hypothalamic neurons, leading to secretion of pituitary gonadotropins (LH and FSH) and sexual steroids, which in turn will act in the gonads to produce the gametes. Kisspeptin is being recognized as a crucial regulator of the onset of puberty, the regulation of sex hormone mediated secretion of gonadotropins, and the control of fertility. Inactivating and activating mutations in both KISS1 or GPR54 genes were associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and precocious puberty. Despite this, studies considering kisspeptin and infertility are scarce. The understanding of the role of kisspeptin may lead to its use as a biomarker in infertility treatments and use in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
kisspeptin参与人类生殖的调控，弥合了性类固醇水平与控制促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）分泌的反馈机制之间的差距；然而，关于这种肽与不孕症的研究有限。我们对现有证据进行了综述和批判性评估，内容涉及kisspeptin的结构、生理学、在青春期和生殖中的功能、其在辅助生殖治疗中的作用、kisspeptin剂量以及对KISS1和GPR54基因的影响。在PubMed中使用与以下内容相关的关键词进行文献检索：（i）kisspeptin或受体、kisspeptin-1；（ii）生殖或不孕或生育力；（iii）基因；（iv）剂量或测量或定量或血清水平，针对人类。Kisspeptin是KISS1基因的产物，它与一种G蛋白偶联受体（GPR54/KISS1R）结合，刺激下丘脑神经元释放GnRH，导致垂体促性腺激素（LH和FSH）和性类固醇的分泌，这些物质反过来会作用于性腺以产生配子。Kisspeptin被认为是青春期开始、性激素介导的促性腺激素分泌调节以及生育力控制的关键调节因子。KISS1或GPR54基因的失活和激活突变与低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退和性早熟有关。尽管如此，关于kisspeptin与不孕症的研究仍然很少。对kisspeptin作用的理解可能会使其在不孕症治疗中用作生物标志物，并用于控制性卵巢过度刺激。
