inVIVO Planetary Health, Research Group of the World Universities Network, 6010 Park Ave, Suite #4081, West New York, NJ 07093, USA.
Bastyr University Research Institute, School of Naturopathic Medicine, 14500 Juanita Drive N.E., Kenmore, WA 98028, USA.
Explore (NY). 2018 Sep;14(5):367-372. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2018.03.009. Epub 2018 Aug 2.
The World Health Organization strategy for global health includes a culturally-sensitive blending of western biomedicine with traditional forms of healing; in practical terms this approach is often referred to as integrative medicine. One distinct element within the systems of North American integrative healthcare is naturopathic medicine; while the basic premise of its fundamental approach to care - supporting healthy lifestyle behaviors - is as old as medicine itself, the early history of organized naturopathy in North America was heavy in theory and light on critical analysis. Dozens of questionable modalities and protocols have been housed under the rubric of naturopathy. It is our contention that the progression of professional naturopathic medicine in the 21st century - with goals of personal, public and planetary health - requires the active pursuit of critical analysis. We examine the primary guiding principles which drive the training and practice of North American naturopathic medicine; while these principles are laudable in the age of patient-centered care, we argue that there are shortcomings by absentia. We propose a seventh principle - Scientia Critica; that is, the ability to critically analyze accumulated knowledge - including scientific facts, knowledge about the self (critical consciousness) and values of the patient.
世界卫生组织的全球卫生战略包括将西方生物医学与传统的治疗形式相结合，具有文化敏感性；在实践中，这种方法通常被称为整合医学。北美整体医疗保健系统中的一个独特元素是顺势疗法医学；虽然其基本护理方法的基本前提——支持健康的生活方式行为——与医学本身一样古老，但北美有组织的顺势疗法的早期历史在理论上是沉重的，而在批判性分析方面则是薄弱的。数十种值得怀疑的方式和方案都被归入顺势疗法的范畴。我们认为，21 世纪专业顺势疗法医学的发展——以个人、公众和行星健康为目标——需要积极进行批判性分析。我们研究了指导北美顺势疗法医学培训和实践的主要指导原则；虽然这些原则在以患者为中心的护理时代值得称赞，但我们认为它们存在缺失。我们提出了第七个原则——批判科学；也就是说，能够批判性地分析积累的知识——包括科学事实、关于自我的知识（批判意识）和患者的价值观。
