Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai, 600069, India.
Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Nov;25(32):32024-32043. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3174-9. Epub 2018 Sep 14.
The present experimental work focuses on the influence injection pressure and toroidal re-entrant combustion chamber in a single cylinder diesel engine fuelled with ternary fuel (diesel-biodiesel-ethanol) blend. Ternary fuel (TF) is prepared by blending 70% diesel, 20% biodiesel, and 10% ethanol blends and its fuel properties were investigated and compared with diesel fuel. Since the physic-chemical properties of TF are well behind the diesel fuel, it is proposed to be blended with 20 ppm alumina nano additives which act as an ignition enhancer and catalytic oxidizer. The resulting fuel mixture (TF + 20 ppm alumina additive) is named as high performance fuel (HPF). Experimentations were conducted on HPF subjected to various injection pressures of 18 MPa, 20 MPa, 22 MPa, and 24 MPa respectively and are operated in toroidal re-entrant chamber geometry (TG) at an injection timing of 22 bTDC. From experimentation, it was identified that, for TG-HPF, higher injection pressure of 22 MPa ensued highest BTE (Brake Thermal Efficiency) of 35.5% and lowest BSEC (Brake Specific Fuel Consumption) of 10.13 MJ/kWh owing to the pooled effect of higher swirl formation, improved atomization enhanced evaporation rate, and better air-fuel mixing. Emission wise TG-HPF operated at 22 MPa lowered the HC (hydrocarbon), CO (carbon monoxide), and smoke emissions by 18.88%, 7.19%, and 5.02%, but with marginally improved NOx (oxides of nitrogen) and CO (carbon dioxide) emissions by 3.92% and 3.89% respectively. In combustion point of view, it is observed that injection pressure increased the cylinder pressure, heat release rate (HRR), and cumulative heat release rate (CHRR) by 5.35%, 5.08%, and 3.38% respectively indicating improved combustion rate as a result of enhanced atomization, evaporation, and high turbulence inducement. Overall, it is concluded that operating the ternary fuel at 22 MPa injection pressure at toroidal re-entrant combustion chamber results in improved performance and minimized emissions.
本实验研究集中于在单缸柴油机中使用三元燃料（柴油-生物柴油-乙醇）混合物的喷射压力和环形再入燃烧室的影响。三元燃料（TF）通过混合 70%的柴油、20%的生物柴油和 10%的乙醇制备，并研究了其燃料性能并与柴油燃料进行了比较。由于 TF 的物理化学性质远低于柴油燃料，因此建议将其与 20ppm 的氧化铝纳米添加剂混合，氧化铝纳米添加剂作为点火增强剂和催化氧化剂。所得燃料混合物（TF+20ppm 氧化铝添加剂）称为高性能燃料（HPF）。在不同的喷射压力 18MPa、20MPa、22MPa 和 24MPa 下对 HPF 进行了实验，并在喷射正时为 22 bTDC 的环形再入燃烧室几何形状（TG）下运行。从实验中可以看出，对于 TG-HPF，由于更高的涡流形成、改善的雾化、增强的蒸发率和更好的空气燃料混合，更高的 22MPa 喷射压力导致最高的制动热效率（BTE）为 35.5%，最低的制动比燃油消耗（BSEC）为 10.13MJ/kWh。在排放方面，TG-HPF 在 22MPa 下运行时，HC（碳氢化合物）、CO（一氧化碳）和烟度排放分别降低了 18.88%、7.19%和 5.02%，但 NOx（氮氧化物）和 CO（二氧化碳）排放分别略有增加 3.92%和 3.89%。从燃烧的角度来看，观察到喷射压力使缸内压力、放热率（HRR）和累积放热率（CHRR）分别增加了 5.35%、5.08%和 3.38%，表明由于雾化、蒸发和高湍流诱发的燃烧速度提高。总的来说，结论是在环形再入燃烧室中以 22MPa 的喷射压力运行三元燃料可提高性能并最大限度地减少排放。
