回顾性调查 9 年的针刺和锐器伤数据：医院感染控制委员会的效果。

Retrospective investigation of 9 years of data on needlestick and sharps injuries: Effect of a hospital infection control committee.

机构信息

Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Hospital Infection Control Committee Nursing, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

出版信息

Am J Infect Control. 2019 Feb;47(2):186-190. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.07.015. Epub 2018 Sep 14.

DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2018.07.015

PMID:30220615

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The risk of occupational transmission of bloodborne pathogens to health care workers is primarily associated with needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs). However, most NSIs are not reported, and most health care workers are not aware of postexposure procedures.

METHODS

Data for NSIs reported in our hospital between 2008 and 2016 were reviewed retrospectively.

RESULTS

A total of 546 staff members reported NSIs. Of these, 376 (68.9%) were women. NSIs were more commonly reported by trainee nurses (243 [44.5%]), followed by nurses (121 [22.2%]), cleaning staff (108 [19.8%]), and doctors (49 [9%]). The rate of postexposure interventions was 13% in 2008 and 92.6% in 2016 (P < .0001; χ = 82.866). NSI rates also show that the number of applications with NSIs increased over the years. When occupational blood exposure was examined, the number of bloodborne pathogens was 50 (9.3%) cases of hepatitis B virus, 30 (5.6%) cases of hepatitis C virus, 3 cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, 1 case of HIV, and 2 cases of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus coinfection.

DISCUSSION

Over the years, the increase in both the appropriate intervention rate and the number of reports to the hospital infection control committee after NSIs shows that regular training regarding NSIs is effective.

CONCLUSIONS

Hospital infection control committees may play a more active role in raising awareness in this regard and thus reducing the rate of unreported NSIs.

摘要

背景

医护人员职业性血源性病原体传播的风险主要与针刺伤和锐器伤（NSI）有关。然而，大多数 NSI 并未报告，而且大多数医护人员并不了解暴露后处理程序。

方法

回顾性分析了 2008 年至 2016 年期间我院报告的 NSI 数据。

结果

共有 546 名员工报告了 NSI。其中，376 名（68.9%）为女性。实习护士（243 例[44.5%]）报告 NSI 的比例最高，其次是护士（121 例[22.2%]）、保洁人员（108 例[19.8%]）和医生（49 例[9%]）。2008 年暴露后干预率为 13%，2016 年为 92.6%（P<0.0001；χ²=82.866）。NSI 发生率也表明，每年因 NSI 而接受处理的人数呈上升趋势。在职业性血液暴露检查中，有 50 例（9.3%）乙型肝炎病毒、30 例（5.6%）丙型肝炎病毒、3 例克里米亚-刚果出血热、1 例 HIV 以及 2 例乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒合并感染的血源性病原体。