Schienle Anne, Wolf Axel, Tomazic Peter Valentin, Ille Rottraut
1Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria.
2BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
Chemosens Percept. 2018;11(2):72-76. doi: 10.1007/s12078-017-9242-6. Epub 2017 Dec 14.
Olfactory dysfunction can have a negative impact on emotional well-being. The aim of the present study was to examine associations between olfactory deficits and two affective personality characteristics (trait anxiety/trait depression).
A questionnaire study was conducted with a total of 116 participants (33 classified as anosmic, 40 as hyposmic, and 39 as normosmic). All participants gave self-reports on two facets of trait depression (dysthymia, euthymia) and trait anxiety (arousal, worrying). Due to the fact that in all three groups, trait depression and anxiety were substantially correlated, analyses of covariance were conducted.
After controlling for trait depression, anosmic and hyposmic patients showed lower trait arousal compared to normosmic controls (partial = .05). After controlling for trait anxiety, patients scored higher on dysthymia (partial = .06).
This study underlines the importance of statistically isolating specific associations between each of these affective personality characteristics and olfactory dysfunction.
The present findings suggest that olfactory dysfunction can have opposite effects on facets of trait depression and trait anxiety.
嗅觉功能障碍会对情绪健康产生负面影响。本研究的目的是探讨嗅觉缺陷与两种情感人格特征（特质焦虑/特质抑郁）之间的关联。
对总共116名参与者进行了问卷调查研究（33人被归类为嗅觉丧失，40人为嗅觉减退，39人为嗅觉正常）。所有参与者就特质抑郁的两个方面（心境恶劣、心境正常）和特质焦虑（唤起、担忧）进行了自我报告。由于在所有三组中，特质抑郁和焦虑都存在显著相关性，因此进行了协方差分析。
在控制特质抑郁后，与嗅觉正常的对照组相比，嗅觉丧失和嗅觉减退的患者表现出较低的特质唤起（偏相关系数=0.05）。在控制特质焦虑后，患者在心境恶劣方面得分更高（偏相关系数=0.06）。
本研究强调了在统计学上分离这些情感人格特征与嗅觉功能障碍之间特定关联的重要性。
目前的研究结果表明，嗅觉功能障碍可能对特质抑郁和特质焦虑的各个方面产生相反的影响。
