CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
Biotechnol J. 2019 Jan;14(1):e1800024. doi: 10.1002/biot.201800024. Epub 2018 Sep 30.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most popular chronic autoimmune diseases characterized with persistent synovial inflammation and bone destruction. Although considerable developments have been gained in clinical treatment of RA, the major drawback to RA therapy stems from the adaptive treatment tolerance (ATT) following the long-term drug use, which causes compromised efficacy, sustained drug dose increase, and severe adverse events. To address these challenges, it is of great significance to put forward innovative therapeutic approaches for RA treatment. Nowadays, developments of nanotechnology-based nanomedicines (NMs) for RA are in progress. Multifunctional NMs with targeted stimuli-responsive features have been one of the central concepts in designing more accessible formulations for efficient RA treatment. These NMs are able to postpone RA progression effectively, because of their delivery and on-demand release of medicaments at targeted sites in response to external or internal stimuli related to the RA pathophysiology without obvious adverse side-effects on the normal tissues. Therefore, NMs have gained interest from pre-clinical research scientists as well as clinical doctors worldwide. Herein, the authors highlight the recent attempts of targeted stimuli-responsive NMs for RA therapy in the last 5 years. The described progresses may pave the way to novel and highly effective RA NMs.
类风湿关节炎（RA）是最常见的慢性自身免疫性疾病之一，其特征为持续的滑膜炎症和骨破坏。尽管在 RA 的临床治疗方面已经取得了相当大的进展，但 RA 治疗的主要缺点源于长期药物使用后的适应性治疗耐受（ATT），这导致疗效降低、持续增加药物剂量和严重的不良反应。为了解决这些挑战，提出 RA 治疗的创新治疗方法具有重要意义。如今，基于纳米技术的纳米药物（NMs）在 RA 中的发展正在进行中。具有靶向刺激响应特性的多功能纳米药物是设计更易获得的高效 RA 治疗制剂的核心概念之一。这些纳米药物能够有效地延缓 RA 的进展，因为它们能够在外源或与 RA 病理生理学相关的内源刺激作用下，将药物递送至靶向部位，并按需释放，而对正常组织没有明显的不良副作用。因此，纳米药物引起了全球临床医生和临床前研究科学家的兴趣。在此，作者强调了过去 5 年来针对 RA 治疗的靶向刺激响应纳米药物的最新尝试。所描述的进展可能为新型高效 RA 纳米药物铺平道路。
