Beckwith-Cohen Billie, Hoffman Allison, McLellan Gillian J, Dubielzig Richard R
1 Department of Vision Science, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
2 The Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Vet Pathol. 2019 Mar;56(2):259-268. doi: 10.1177/0300985818798087. Epub 2018 Sep 16.
Feline neovascular vitreoretinopathy (FNV) is a newly recognized rare condition affecting kittens and young domestic cats. This study investigated the clinical and pathologic findings in 22 cats with FNV. In affected cats, ophthalmoscopy of the fundus (when visible) revealed avascular peripheral retinae and epiretinal vascular membranes. Frequent nonspecific clinical findings were buphthalmos ( n = 21), medically uncontrollable glaucoma ( n = 22), and lenticular abnormalities ( n = 13). Anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) was detected clinically in affected cats ( n = 6). The fellow eye was affected in 11 of 18 cats to a variable degree or appeared clinically normal in 7 of 18 cats. The globes were examined histologically and using immunohistochemistry for vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), synaptophysin, neurofilament, laminin, factor VIII-related antigen (FVIII-RA), and smooth muscle actin (SMA). Histologically, diagnostic features included laminin-positive epiretinal vascular membranes affecting the central retina, with an avascular peripheral retina and gliosis. Enucleated globes exhibited multiple additional abnormalities, including corneal disease ( n = 15), anterior segment dysgenesis ( n = 21), lymphoplasmacytic anterior uveitis ( n = 19), peripheral anterior synechiae ( n = 20), retinal degeneration ( n = 22), and retinal detachment ( n = 19). Gliotic retinae labeled strongly for GFAP and vimentin with reduced expression of synaptophysin and neurofilament, consistent with degeneration or lack of differentiation. While an avascular peripheral retina and epiretinal fibrovascular membranes are also salient features of retinopathy of prematurity, there is no evidence to support hyperoxic damage in cats with FNV. The cause remains unknown.
猫科动物新生血管性玻璃体视网膜病变（FNV）是一种新发现的影响小猫和幼年家猫的罕见病症。本研究调查了22只患有FNV的猫的临床和病理表现。在患病猫中，眼底检眼镜检查（当可见时）显示周边视网膜无血管以及视网膜前血管膜。常见的非特异性临床症状有眼球增大（n = 21）、药物无法控制的青光眼（n = 22）和晶状体异常（n = 13）。在患病猫中临床检测到眼前节发育异常（ASD）（n = 6）。18只猫中有11只的另一只眼睛受到不同程度影响，18只猫中有7只的另一只眼睛临床检查正常。对眼球进行了组织学检查，并使用免疫组织化学方法检测波形蛋白、胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、突触素、神经丝、层粘连蛋白、因子VIII相关抗原（FVIII - RA）和平滑肌肌动蛋白（SMA）。组织学上，诊断特征包括影响中央视网膜的层粘连蛋白阳性视网膜前血管膜，周边视网膜无血管以及胶质增生。摘除的眼球还表现出多种其他异常，包括角膜疾病（n = 15）、眼前节发育异常（n = 21）、淋巴细胞浆细胞性前葡萄膜炎（n = 19）、周边前粘连（n = 20）、视网膜变性（n = 22）和视网膜脱离（n = 19）。胶质增生的视网膜GFAP和波形蛋白标记强烈，突触素和神经丝表达减少，这与变性或分化缺乏一致。虽然周边视网膜无血管和视网膜前纤维血管膜也是早产儿视网膜病变的显著特征，但没有证据支持FNV猫存在高氧损伤。病因仍然未知。
