Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Health Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Health Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Neuroimage. 2018 Sep 15;184:386-395. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.037.
The error-related negativity (ERN) is an event-related potential in the electroencephalogram (EEG) observed within the first 100 ms after commission of an error. Increased ERN amplitudes have been observed in several psychological disorders characterized by high negative affect. While the ERN has extensively been studied in tasks using exteroceptive stimuli, its relation to interoceptive stimuli is unknown. Since errors related to interoception might be particularly relevant for survival and negative affect, this study aimed to explore the ERN for errors related to interoceptive, respiratory sensations (intERN). Moreover, we compared the intERN with a commonly observed ERN related to exteroceptive, visual stimuli (extERN) and examined their associations with interoception-related negative affect. We studied the ERN using a respiratory occlusion task (intERN) and a visual flanker task (extERN) in 40 healthy volunteers during continuous 129 channel EEG recordings. In the occlusion task, participants received inspiratory occlusions of two different durations and indicated whether each occlusion was short or long. In the Flanker task, participants indicated the direction of arrowheads. Interoception-related negative affect was assessed with the Anxiety Sensitivity Index. Comparable with the extERN, the intERN was observed at fronto-central scalp positions after error commission in the occlusion task, but it peaked significantly earlier than the extERN. Mean amplitudes of the intERN and extERN showed no significant difference and were not correlated. Moreover, higher levels of anxiety sensitivity were correlated with significantly greater amplitudes of the intERN, but with lower amplitudes of the extERN. The present results firstly demonstrate an error-related negativity EEG-potential that is related to interoceptive sensations (intERN). This intERN is not associated with a commonly observed ERN elicited by exteroceptive stimuli and is distinctly linked to higher levels of interoception-related negative affect. The intERN might be a promising neural marker for future studies on interoception, negative affect and error processing.
错误相关负向电位（ERN）是在脑电图（EEG）中观察到的事件相关电位，出现在犯错后的前 100 毫秒内。在以高负性情绪为特征的几种心理障碍中，ERN 振幅增加。虽然 ERN 在使用外感受刺激的任务中得到了广泛研究，但它与内感受刺激的关系尚不清楚。由于与内感受相关的错误可能对生存和负性情绪特别重要，因此本研究旨在探索与内感受、呼吸感觉相关的错误相关负向电位（intERN）。此外，我们比较了与外感受、视觉刺激相关的常见 ERN（extERN），并检查了它们与内感受相关的负性情绪的关联。我们在 40 名健康志愿者中使用呼吸阻塞任务（intERN）和视觉侧翼任务（extERN）进行连续 129 通道 EEG 记录，研究了 ERN。在阻塞任务中，参与者接受两种不同持续时间的吸气阻塞，并指示每次阻塞是短还是长。在 Flanker 任务中，参与者指示箭头的方向。用焦虑敏感指数评估与内感受相关的负性情绪。与 extERN 相似，在阻塞任务中，ERN 在犯错后出现在额中央头皮位置，但其峰值明显早于 extERN。intERN 和 extERN 的平均振幅没有显著差异，也没有相关性。此外，较高的焦虑敏感性与 intERN 的振幅显著增加相关，而与 extERN 的振幅降低相关。本研究结果首次证明与内感受感觉相关的错误相关负向电位（intERN）。该 intERN 与外感受刺激引发的常见 ERN 无关，与更高水平的内感受相关负性情绪明显相关。intERN 可能是未来内感受、负性情绪和错误处理研究的有前途的神经标记。
