1 EwingCole, Raleigh, NC, USA.
HERD. 2019 Jul;12(3):72-88. doi: 10.1177/1937586718800482. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
The purpose of this study was to identify the role of emergency department (ED) design on ED staff satisfaction and performance.
High patient volume, surging workloads, and violent behaviors are expected pressures for ED staff. Literature suggests the substantial role of the physical environment in the delivery of care and its role in staff and patient experiences. Nevertheless, limited studies have explored simultaneous interactions between ED physical design elements, attributes (security, wayfinding, visibility, privacy, and efficiency), and staff satisfaction or performance.
Interviews, surveys, visibility graph analysis, and agent simulations were employed to understand the connection between ED physical design, attributes, performance, and staff satisfaction.
Enhanced security, effective wayfinding, team visibility, noise reduction, adequate privacy, and accessible supplies and equipment were significant predictors of staff satisfaction and performance. Unobstructed views in waiting and triage and controlled entrances were critical for improving security. To improve wayfinding, eye-level signage, reducing surveillance obstacles, and creating direct public routes were recommended. Rectangular units with multiple perpendicularly connected corridors and linear pod arrangements enhanced movement. Including team rooms and enclosed ERs were recommended for privacy improvements. Visibility was critical for team communication and improved by including short-distanced perpendicular corridors and eliminating columns. Enhancing access to supplies or equipment and reducing noise levels improved the perception of staff efficiency.
The findings contribute to the general body of knowledge on the impact of ED physical design on attributes that potentially improve staff satisfaction and work performance.
本研究旨在确定急诊部（ED）设计对 ED 员工满意度和绩效的作用。
高患者量、工作量激增和暴力行为是 ED 员工预期的压力。文献表明，物理环境在提供护理方面起着重要作用，它对员工和患者体验也有影响。然而，很少有研究探讨 ED 物理设计元素、属性（安全性、导向性、可见性、隐私性和效率）与员工满意度或绩效之间的相互作用。
采用访谈、调查、可见性图分析和代理模拟来理解 ED 物理设计、属性、绩效和员工满意度之间的联系。
增强安全性、有效的导向性、团队可见性、降噪、足够的隐私、易于获取的供应品和设备是提高员工满意度和绩效的重要预测因素。在等候区和分诊区无阻碍的视野和受控的入口对于提高安全性至关重要。为了改善导向性，建议使用水平标志、减少监控障碍物和创建直接的公共路线。具有多个垂直连接的走廊和线性舱室排列的矩形单元增强了移动性。包括团队室和封闭的急诊室被推荐用于改善隐私。可见性对于团队沟通至关重要，通过包括短距离垂直走廊和消除立柱来改善可见性。增强供应品或设备的获取和降低噪音水平提高了员工效率的感知。
研究结果有助于丰富关于 ED 物理设计对潜在提高员工满意度和工作绩效的属性的影响的知识体系。
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