Menciotti Giulio, Borgarelli Michele, Aherne Michael, Camacho Paula, Häggström Jens, Ljungvall Ingrid, Lahmers Sunshine M, Abbott Jonathan A
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Vet Intern Med. 2018 Sep;32(5):1564-1569. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15252. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is more prevalent in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCSs) compared to dogs of other breeds at a given age. Abnormal valvular stress is thought to contribute to the development and progression of MMVD, and a relationship exists between mitral valve (MV) morphology and stress acting on the valve.
To determine whether the MV morphology of healthy adult CKCSs differs from the morphology of healthy adult dogs of other breeds determined by RT-3DTTE.
Thirty-five healthy CKCSs and 41 healthy dogs of other breeds.
Prospective cross-sectional study. Dogs underwent physical examination, conventional echocardiography, and RT-3DTTE. RT-3DTTE datasets were analyzed using dedicated software for MV morphologic analysis. Morphologic variables were compared between CKCSs and dogs of other breeds.
The MV of healthy CKCSs had a smaller annulus height (0.46 ± 0.11 vs. 0.56 ± 0.17; P = .0021), tenting height (0.26 ± 0.12 vs. 0.42 ± 0.18; P < .001), tenting area (0.42 ± 0.15 vs. 0.79 ± 0.34; P < .001), normalized tenting volume (0.09 [0.05-0.13] vs. 0.14 [0.10-0.20]; P < .001), and normalized area of the posterior leaflet (0.57 ± 0.15 vs. 0.66 ± 0.18; P = .016) compared to healthy dogs of other breeds; this results in CKCSs having a flatter MV with reduced tenting, compared to the MV of other breeds.
These morphologic features could confer a mechanical disadvantage and play a role in the predisposition of CKCSs to the early development of MMVD.
在特定年龄下，与其他品种的犬相比，黏液瘤性二尖瓣疾病（MMVD）在骑士查理王小猎犬（CKCSs）中更为普遍。异常的瓣膜应力被认为有助于MMVD的发生和发展，并且二尖瓣（MV）形态与作用于瓣膜的应力之间存在关联。
通过实时三维经食管超声心动图（RT-3DTTE）确定健康成年CKCSs的MV形态是否与其他品种健康成年犬的形态不同。
35只健康的CKCSs和41只其他品种的健康犬。
前瞻性横断面研究。对犬进行体格检查、传统超声心动图检查和RT-3DTTE检查。使用专门的软件对RT-3DTTE数据集进行MV形态分析。比较CKCSs和其他品种犬之间的形态学变量。
与其他品种的健康犬相比，健康CKCSs的MV瓣环高度较小（0.46±0.11对0.56±0.17；P = 0.0021）、帐篷高度较小（0.26±0.12对0.42±0.18；P < 0.001）、帐篷面积较小（0.42±0.15对0.79±0.34；P < 0.001）、标准化帐篷体积较小（0.09[0.05 - 0.13]对0.14[0.10 - 0.20]；P < 0.001）以及后叶标准化面积较小（0.57±0.15对0.66±0.18；P = 0.016）；与其他品种的MV相比，这导致CKCSs的MV更扁平，帐篷减少。
这些形态学特征可能导致机械劣势，并在CKCSs易患MMVD早期发展中起作用。
