Department of Clinical Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Unit, University of Pisa, Italy.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
J Affect Disord. 2019 Jan 15;243:121-132. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.011. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
Mood disorders are among the most prevalent and serious mental disorders and rank high among to the leading global burdens of disease. The developmental psychopathology framework can offer a life course perspective on them thus providing a basis for early prevention and intervention. Sleep disturbances, are considered risk factors for mood disorders across childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Assuming that sleep disturbances may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of mood disorders from a life course point of view, we reviewed the data on developmental pathways towards mood disorders in adult life in relation to sleep disturbances.
From February 2017, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO and Embase electronic databases for literature on developmental pathways to mood disorders in adult life in relation to sleep disturbances and to 1) pre-natal stress, 2) early brain developmental processes, and 3) temperaments, character and attachment style.
Eleven, 54 and 15 articles were respectively selected.
Experimental and clinical studies revealed that exposure to prenatal/early life stress results in sleep disturbances such as poor sleep and altered circadian regulation phases and may predict or even precipitate mood disorders in adulthood. Chronic sleep disruption may interfere with neuronal plasticity, connectivity and the developing brain thus contributing to the development of mood disorders. In addition sleep and circadian dysregulations have been shown to be related to those temperaments, character and attachment styles which are considered precursors of mood disorders. Sleep and circadian behaviours may serve as early targets regarding mood disorders.
情绪障碍是最常见和最严重的精神障碍之一，在全球疾病负担中排名很高。发展心理病理学框架可以为它们提供一个生命历程的视角，从而为早期预防和干预提供基础。睡眠障碍被认为是儿童期、青少年期和成年期情绪障碍的危险因素。假设从生命历程的角度来看，睡眠障碍可能在情绪障碍的发病机制中起关键作用，我们回顾了与睡眠障碍有关的与成年后情绪障碍相关的生命历程中的发展途径的数据。
从 2017 年 2 月起，在 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Embase 电子数据库中对与睡眠障碍有关的与 1）产前压力、2）早期大脑发育过程和 3）气质、性格和依恋风格有关的成年期情绪障碍发展途径的文献进行了系统搜索。
分别选择了 11、54 和 15 篇文章。
实验和临床研究表明，暴露于产前/生命早期压力会导致睡眠障碍，如睡眠质量差和昼夜节律调节阶段改变，并且可能预测甚至引发成年后的情绪障碍。慢性睡眠中断可能会干扰神经元的可塑性、连接和发育中的大脑，从而导致情绪障碍的发展。此外，睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱已被证明与那些被认为是情绪障碍前兆的气质、性格和依恋风格有关。睡眠和昼夜节律行为可能是情绪障碍的早期目标。
