习惯性足部着地方式对女性跑步者跟腱负荷的影响。
The effects of habitual foot strike patterns on Achilles tendon loading in female runners.
作者信息
Kernozek Thomas W, Knaus Allie, Rademaker Tess, Almonroeder Thomas G
机构信息
Department of Health Professions, Physical Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin - La Crosse, 1300 Badger Street, La Crosse, WI, United States; La Crosse Institute for Movement Science (LIMS), University of Wisconsin - La Crosse, 1300 Badger Street, La Crosse, WI, United States.
Department of Health Professions, Physical Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin - La Crosse, 1300 Badger Street, La Crosse, WI, United States; La Crosse Institute for Movement Science (LIMS), University of Wisconsin - La Crosse, 1300 Badger Street, La Crosse, WI, United States.
出版信息
Gait Posture. 2018 Oct;66:283-287. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.09.016. Epub 2018 Sep 12.
BACKGROUND
Female runners that habitually use a forefoot/midfoot strike pattern (non-rearfoot runners) may be at greater risk for Achilles tendinopathy compared to runners that habitually use a rearfoot strike pattern. Differences in Achilles tendon loading between non-rearfoot and rearfoot strike runners may be a contributing factor.
RESEARCH QUESTION
Our purpose was to determine if there were differences in Achilles tendon loading and cross-sectional area between female habitual rearfoot and non-rearfoot strike runners.
METHODS
Thirty-five female runners participated in this cross-sectional study (17 rearfoot strike runners, 18 non-rearfoot strike runners). Ultrasound images of the Achilles tendon were used to measure cross-sectional area. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected at a set running speed and used in a muscloskeletal model to calculate Achilles tendon force. Achilles tendon stress was determined from specific Achilles tendon cross-sectional area. Principal components (PC) analysis was performed to identify/characterize the primary sources of variability in the Achilles tendon stress time series. The PC scores and cross-sectional area where compared using independent t-tests.
RESULTS
PC 1 reflected variability in the Achilles tendon stress magnitude from 25 to 100% of stance, PC 2 reflected timing variability, and PC 3 reflected variability in the magnitude during early stance (0-25%). The non-rearfoot strike runners demonstrated higher PC scores for PC 1 and PC 3 compared to the rearfoot strike runners. This reflected greater Achilles tendon stress during mid/late stance (PC 1) and early stance (PC 3) for the non-rearfoot strike runners. For PC 2, there was a trend toward higher PC scores in the non-rearfoot strike runners. Achilles tendon cross-sectional area for the rearfoot and non-rearfoot strike runners were not different.
SIGNIFICANCE
Habitual non-rearfoot strike runners did not have greater cross-sectional area despite higher Achilles tendon loading, which may pose a higher risk for Achilles tendinopathy.
背景
与习惯性采用后足着地模式的跑步者相比，习惯性采用前足/中足着地模式的女性跑步者（非后足着地跑步者）患跟腱病的风险可能更高。非后足着地和后足着地跑步者之间跟腱负荷的差异可能是一个促成因素。
研究问题
我们的目的是确定习惯性后足着地和非后足着地的女性跑步者在跟腱负荷和横截面积方面是否存在差异。
方法
35名女性跑步者参与了这项横断面研究（17名后足着地跑步者，18名非后足着地跑步者）。使用跟腱的超声图像测量横截面积。在设定的跑步速度下收集运动学和动力学数据，并用于肌肉骨骼模型中以计算跟腱力。根据特定的跟腱横截面积确定跟腱应力。进行主成分（PC）分析以识别/表征跟腱应力时间序列中变异性的主要来源。使用独立t检验比较PC分数和横截面积。
结果
主成分1反映了站立期25%至100%时跟腱应力大小的变异性，主成分2反映了时间变异性，主成分3反映了站立初期（0至25%）应力大小的变异性。与后足着地跑步者相比，非后足着地跑步者的主成分1和主成分3的PC分数更高。这反映出非后足着地跑步者在站立中期/后期（主成分1）和站立初期（主成分3）的跟腱应力更大。对于主成分2，非后足着地跑步者的PC分数有更高的趋势。后足着地和非后足着地跑步者的跟腱横截面积没有差异。
意义
习惯性非后足着地跑步者尽管跟腱负荷较高，但横截面积并未增大，这可能会增加患跟腱病的风险。
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