Challis J R, Richardson B S, Rurak D, Wlodek M E, Patrick J E
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1986 Dec;155(6):1332-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(86)90169-9.
We examined the effect of sustained hypoxemia with progressive acidemia on pituitary-adrenal endocrine function (adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol) and on adrenal blood flow in fetal sheep. Hypoxemia was induced by the maternal sheep breathing a gas mixture containing 9% oxygen, with 3% carbon dioxide added. Induced hypoxemia resulted in a progressive fetal metabolic acidosis but with little change in maternal pH. During induced hypoxemia there was little change in maternal plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone or cortisol level. Fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol increased to peak values within 2.8 hours of induced hypoxia but by 7.2 hours had begun to fall to values that were not significantly different from those at 1.4 hours. Fetal adrenal blood flow (microsphere technique) also increased significantly and remained elevated throughout the duration (7.2 hours) of hypoxemia. The maximum fetal adrenal blood flow achieved during hypoxemia was significantly correlated with the basal (prehypoxemia) flow to the adrenals. We conclude that the changes in fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, and adrenal blood flow seen in short-term hypoxemia are reproduced during sustained hypoxemia with acidemia. Furthermore, the noted rise in the fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone level may be an important factor contributing to the increase in adrenal blood flow during hypoxemia.
我们研究了持续性低氧血症伴进行性酸血症对胎羊垂体 - 肾上腺内分泌功能（促肾上腺皮质激素、皮质醇）及肾上腺血流的影响。通过让母羊呼吸含9%氧气并添加3%二氧化碳的混合气体来诱导低氧血症。诱导的低氧血症导致胎儿进行性代谢性酸中毒，但母体pH值变化不大。在诱导低氧血症期间，母体血浆促肾上腺皮质激素或皮质醇水平变化不大。胎儿促肾上腺皮质激素和皮质醇在诱导低氧血症后2.8小时内升至峰值，但到7.2小时开始降至与1.4小时时无显著差异的值。胎儿肾上腺血流（微球技术）也显著增加，并在整个低氧血症持续时间（7.2小时）内保持升高。低氧血症期间达到的最大胎儿肾上腺血流与肾上腺的基础（低氧血症前）血流显著相关。我们得出结论，短期低氧血症中观察到的胎儿促肾上腺皮质激素、皮质醇和肾上腺血流变化在持续性低氧血症伴酸血症期间也会出现。此外，观察到的胎儿促肾上腺皮质激素水平升高可能是低氧血症期间肾上腺血流增加的一个重要因素。
