Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2019 Jan;50:126-137. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.09.010. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
High fluoride content in the natural water sources is a serious matter of concern and adsorption is recommended as one of the most convenient, affordable and widely applied defluorination technologies. In this study, a novel composite was synthesized by impregnating magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn) and zirconium (Zr) on powdered activated carbon (AC) for effective fluoride adsorption and the synthesis was made using sonochemical method. The characterization of the prepared adsorbent AC-Mg-Mn-Zr along with individual metal composites AC-Zr, AC-Mg and AC-Mn were done by SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD and BET analysis to understand the major functional bonds, and changes in surface chemistry after adsorption. The mechanism of the process was discussed through major reactions involved for individual metals. Due to high point of zero charge (pH = 11.9), the adsorbent was able to remove more than 96% of fluoride consistently with only 1 g/L of optimum adsorbent dosage for a wide pH range (2 to 10). The maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 26.27 mg/g within an equilibrium time of 3 h. More than 96% energy saving was achieved in the sonochemical synthesis route compared to conventional precipitation method of synthesis.
高氟含量的天然水源是一个严重的问题，吸附被推荐为最方便、最经济和最广泛应用的除氟技术之一。本研究通过浸渍法将镁（Mg）、锰（Mn）和锆（Zr）负载到粉末活性炭（AC）上，制备了一种新型复合材料，用于有效去除氟化物，该合成采用了超声化学法。通过 SEM、EDX、FTIR、XRD 和 BET 分析对制备的吸附剂 AC-Mg-Mn-Zr 以及单独的金属复合材料 AC-Zr、AC-Mg 和 AC-Mn 进行了表征，以了解主要的功能键和吸附后表面化学的变化。通过涉及单个金属的主要反应讨论了该过程的机制。由于高零电荷点（pH=11.9），该吸附剂仅需 1 g/L 的最佳吸附剂剂量，在较宽的 pH 范围（2 至 10）内就能持续去除超过 96%的氟化物。在 3 小时的平衡时间内，获得的最大吸附容量为 26.27mg/g。与传统的沉淀法合成相比，超声化学合成路线可节省超过 96%的能源。
