Pahng Amanda R, Edwards Scott
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Alcohol & Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Curr Protoc Neurosci. 2018 Oct;85(1):e53. doi: 10.1002/cpns.53. Epub 2018 Sep 24.
In contrast to their analgesic properties, excessive use of either opioids or alcohol produces a paradoxical emergence of heightened pain sensitivity to noxious stimuli, termed hyperalgesia, which may promote increased use of opioids or alcohol drinking to manage worsening pain symptoms. Hyperalgesia has traditionally been measured in rodents via reflex-based assays, including the von Frey method. To better model the motivational and affective dimensions of pain in a state of opioid/alcohol dependence and withdrawal, this unit describes the use of a non-reflex-based method for measuring pain avoidance-like behavior in dependent rats. In the mechanical conflict-avoidance task, rats run across probes of varying heights to avoid a bright aversive light and to reach a dark goal chamber. A longer latency to exit onto the nociceptive probes reflects increased pain avoidance-like behavior during withdrawal. Mechanical conflict-avoidance testing can be repeated to provide both baseline assessment of pain avoidance behavior and pain avoidance measures after the induction of dependence.© 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
与它们的镇痛特性相反，过量使用阿片类药物或酒精会产生一种矛盾的现象，即对有害刺激的疼痛敏感性增强，称为痛觉过敏，这可能会促使人们增加使用阿片类药物或饮酒来控制不断恶化的疼痛症状。传统上，痛觉过敏是通过基于反射的试验在啮齿动物中进行测量的，包括von Frey方法。为了更好地模拟阿片类药物/酒精依赖和戒断状态下疼痛的动机和情感维度，本单元描述了一种基于非反射的方法，用于测量依赖大鼠的疼痛回避样行为。在机械冲突回避任务中，大鼠穿过不同高度的探针，以避免明亮的厌恶性光线并到达黑暗的目标室。退出到伤害性探针上的潜伏期延长反映了戒断期间疼痛回避样行为的增加。可以重复进行机械冲突回避测试，以提供疼痛回避行为的基线评估以及诱导依赖后的疼痛回避测量。© 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
