甲酸辅助木质素转化为液体过程中的溶剂和催化剂效应。
Solvent and catalyst effect in the formic acid aided lignin-to-liquids.
机构信息
Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, C/Alameda Urquijo s/n, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, C/Alameda Urquijo s/n, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
出版信息
Bioresour Technol. 2018 Dec;270:529-536. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.062. Epub 2018 Sep 13.
The effect of the type of solvent, ethanol or water, and a Ru/C catalyst were studied in the formic acid aided lignin conversion. The best results were obtained in the presence of the Ru/C catalyst and using ethanol as solvent at 300 °C and 10 h (i.e. 75.8 wt% of oil and 23.9 wt% of solids). In comparison to the water system, the ethanol system yields a significantly larger amount of oil and, at 300 °C and 10 h, a smaller amount of solids. The main reasons for this positive effect of the ethanol solvent are i) the formation of ethanol-derived esters, ii) C-alkylations of lignin fragments and iii) the generation of more stable lignin derivatives. The Ru/C exhibits significantly higher lignin conversion activity compared to other Ni-based catalysts, especially at 300 °C, which is related to the enhanced activity of the Ru sites towards hydrogenolysis, hydrodeoxygenation and alkylation reactions.
在甲酸辅助木质素转化中，研究了溶剂种类（乙醇或水）和 Ru/C 催化剂的影响。在 Ru/C 催化剂存在下，使用乙醇作为溶剂，在 300°C 和 10 小时的条件下，可获得最佳结果（即 75.8wt%油和 23.9wt%固体）。与水体系相比，乙醇体系可产生更多的油，在 300°C 和 10 小时的条件下，可产生更少的固体。乙醇溶剂产生这种积极效果的主要原因是：i）形成乙醇衍生的酯，ii）木质素片段的 C-烷基化，以及 iii）生成更稳定的木质素衍生物。与其他基于 Ni 的催化剂相比，Ru/C 表现出更高的木质素转化率活性，特别是在 300°C 时，这与 Ru 位点对氢解、加氢脱氧和烷基化反应的增强活性有关。
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