Doheny Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Cell Immunol. 2019 May;339:24-28. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.09.004. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
Th17-type autoreactive T cells contribute to pathogenicity in autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune uveitis. However, the mechanisms of regulation of Th17 cell activities remain unsolved and are likely to be tissue- and disease specific. In this review, we have summarized our studies from the murine model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). The resultsdemonstrate that γδ T cells have a regulatory effect on Th17 response. The regulatory effects of γδ T cells depend on their action state. Activated γδ T cells express significantly high levels of adenosine receptor A2 (A2AR) but low CD73. Both molecules are crucially involved in adenosine generation, thus modifying T cell responses. While the increased expression of A2AR-allows activated γδ T cells to bind adenosine more effectively than other immune cells, the decreased CD73 restricts their ability to convert AMP to adenosine. Adenosine affects Th1 and Th17 autoimmune responses differently. Its activation of γδ T cells shifts the Th1/Th17 balance towards the Th17 autoreactivity.
Th17 型自身反应性 T 细胞有助于自身免疫性疾病的发病机制，包括自身免疫性葡萄膜炎。然而，Th17 细胞活性的调节机制仍未解决，并且可能具有组织和疾病特异性。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们在实验性自身免疫性葡萄膜炎（EAU）的小鼠模型中的研究结果。结果表明，γδ T 细胞对 Th17 反应具有调节作用。γδ T 细胞的调节作用取决于其作用状态。激活的 γδ T 细胞表达显著高水平的腺苷受体 A2（A2AR），但低 CD73。这两个分子都与腺苷的产生密切相关，从而调节 T 细胞反应。虽然 A2AR 的表达增加使激活的 γδ T 细胞比其他免疫细胞更有效地结合腺苷，但 CD73 的减少限制了它们将 AMP 转化为腺苷的能力。腺苷对 Th1 和 Th17 自身免疫反应的影响不同。其对 γδ T 细胞的激活将 Th1/Th17 平衡向 Th17 自身反应性转移。
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