Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2018 Sep 24;18(11):112. doi: 10.1007/s11892-018-1085-2.
To discuss advances in our understanding of beta-cell heterogeneity and the ramifications of this for type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its therapy.
A number of studies have challenged the long-standing dogma that the majority of beta cells are eliminated in T1D. As many as 80% are present in some T1D subjects. Why don't these cells function properly to release insulin in response to high glucose? Other findings deploying single-cell "omics" to study both healthy and diseased cells-from patients with both T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D)-have revealed cell subpopulations and heterogeneity at the transcriptomic/protein level between individual cells. Finally, our own and others' findings have demonstrated the importance of functional beta-cell subpopulations for insulin secretion. Heterogeneity may endow beta cells with molecular features that predispose them to failure/death during T1D.
讨论胰岛β细胞异质性的研究进展，以及其对 1 型糖尿病（T1D）及其治疗的影响。
多项研究对β细胞在 T1D 中大量缺失的长期观点提出了挑战。在一些 T1D 患者中，多达 80%的β细胞仍然存在。为什么这些细胞不能正常地在高血糖时释放胰岛素呢？其他运用单细胞“组学”研究健康和患病细胞的研究——包括 T1D 和 2 型糖尿病（T2D）患者——揭示了细胞亚群和个体细胞间转录组/蛋白质水平的异质性。最后，我们自己和他人的研究结果表明，功能性β细胞亚群对胰岛素分泌很重要。异质性可能赋予β细胞某些分子特征，使它们在 T1D 中容易发生衰竭/死亡。
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