Penedo Tiago, Polastri Paula Fávaro, Rodrigues Sérgio Tosi, Simieli Lucas, Baptista André Macari, Moretto Gabriel Felipe, Imaizumi Luis Felipe Itikawa, Santinelli Felipe Balistieri, Barbieri Fabio Augusto
Department of Physical Education, Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), School of Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Vargem Limpa, Bauru, SP, CEP: 17033-360, Brazil.
Department of Physical Education, Laboratory of Information, Vision and Action (LIVIA), School of Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil.
Exp Brain Res. 2018 Dec;236(12):3319-3325. doi: 10.1007/s00221-018-5385-1. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
The color of an obstacle may enable a more detailed view of the environment to facilitate obstacle avoidance. However, people with Parkinson's disease (PD) present visual contrast and color detection dysfunction, which could affect obstacle avoidance according to obstacle color. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of obstacle color on locomotor and gaze behavior during obstacle avoidance in people with PD and neurologically healthy older individuals. Thirteen people with PD and eleven matched-control group individuals, with normal visual acuity (20/20 on the Snellen chart), performed 20 trials (5 trials for each obstacle color condition) of the obstacle avoidance task with the following obstacle colors: white, black, red, and blue. Participants were positioned at the beginning of a walkway with their eyes closed and, after the start command, opened their eyes, started walking at their preferred velocity, and crossed the obstacle. Spatial-temporal parameters and fixations on the obstacle (gaze behavior) were measured using a three-dimensional camera system and mobile eye-tracker, respectively. Our main findings were the absence of significant color interaction on locomotor and gaze behaviors, the absence of significant main effect of color on gaze behavior, and an effect of obstacle color on locomotor behavior, specifically in the placement of the heel from the obstacle after crossing and toe-clearance for both trailing and leading limbs, which indicates that obstacle color can play a role in obstacle avoidance during walking. However, there was no consistent obstacle color that influenced the locomotor behavior. Therefore, the conclusion of this study is that obstacle color seems to affect locomotor behavior, but not gaze behavior, during walking with obstacle avoidance in people with PD and neurologically healthy individuals. However, no particular obstacle color causes a consistent effect on locomotor behavior.
障碍物的颜色可以让人更详细地了解周围环境，便于避开障碍物。然而，帕金森病（PD）患者存在视觉对比度和颜色检测功能障碍，这可能会根据障碍物颜色影响避障能力。因此，本研究的目的是调查障碍物颜色对PD患者和神经功能正常的老年人在避障过程中运动和注视行为的影响。13名PD患者和11名匹配的对照组个体，视力正常（斯内伦视力表上为20/20），对以下颜色的障碍物进行了20次避障任务试验（每种障碍物颜色条件下进行5次试验）：白色、黑色、红色和蓝色。参与者闭眼站在走道起点，听到开始指令后睁开眼睛，以自己喜欢的速度开始行走，穿过障碍物。分别使用三维摄像系统和移动眼动仪测量时空参数和对障碍物的注视（注视行为）。我们的主要发现是，颜色对运动和注视行为没有显著的交互作用，颜色对注视行为没有显著的主效应，障碍物颜色对运动行为有影响，具体表现在穿过障碍物后脚跟与障碍物的位置以及后肢和前肢的脚趾离地情况，这表明障碍物颜色在行走过程中的避障中可以发挥作用。然而，没有一种一致的障碍物颜色会影响运动行为。因此，本研究的结论是，在PD患者和神经功能正常的个体避障行走过程中，障碍物颜色似乎会影响运动行为，但不会影响注视行为。然而，没有特定的障碍物颜色会对运动行为产生一致的影响。
