Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2019 Feb;47(1):32-39. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12419. Epub 2018 Sep 6.
There is debate whether both subjective and objective measures of socioeconomic status (SES) are needed to predict health, and whether these factors are explained by psychosocial characteristics. The aims were to investigate the association of socioeconomic and psychosocial variables with oral health impact and general health utility.
A random sample of 45- to 54-year-olds from Adelaide, South Australia, was surveyed by self-complete questionnaire in 2004-2005. Oral health impact was assessed using OHIP-14 and general health utility by EQ-5D. SES was determined using objective (income, education) and subjective (McArthur scale) measures. Psychosocial variables comprised social support, health self-efficacy, well-being, coping and affectivity.
Data were collected from 879 participants (response rate = 43.8%). Both objective and subjective socioeconomic status measures were associated with OHIP and EQ-5D scores. Higher income and subjective social status were both associated (P < 0.05) with less oral health impact (β = -0.28 and β = -0.73, respectively) and better general health utility (both with β = 0.01, respectively). Psychosocial variables accounted for a relatively large percentage of variance in OHIP (20.7%) and EQ-5D (21.9%) scores.
For both oral health impact and general health utility, objective SES was significant in the presence of subjective SES. Psychosocial variables had important independent associations with both oral and general health.
关于预测健康状况是否需要同时使用主观和客观的社会经济地位（SES）指标，以及这些因素是否可以用心理社会特征来解释，目前仍存在争议。本研究旨在调查社会经济和心理社会变量与口腔健康影响和一般健康效用的相关性。
2004-2005 年，我们对来自南澳大利亚阿德莱德的 45 至 54 岁的随机样本进行了自我完成的问卷调查。使用 OHIP-14 评估口腔健康影响，使用 EQ-5D 评估一般健康效用。SES 采用客观（收入、教育）和主观（McArthur 量表）指标进行衡量。心理社会变量包括社会支持、健康自我效能、幸福感、应对方式和情感。
共收集了 879 名参与者的数据（应答率为 43.8%）。客观和主观社会经济地位指标均与 OHIP 和 EQ-5D 评分相关。较高的收入和主观社会地位均与较低的口腔健康影响（β=-0.28 和 β=-0.73）和较好的一般健康效用（β=0.01，分别）相关。心理社会变量解释了 OHIP（20.7%）和 EQ-5D（21.9%）评分中相对较大的方差。
对于口腔健康影响和一般健康效用，在存在主观 SES 的情况下，客观 SES 是显著的。心理社会变量与口腔和一般健康均具有重要的独立相关性。
