Zerdes Ioannis, Tolia Maria, Tsoukalas Nikolaos, Mitsis Michail, Kardamakis Dimitrios, Pistevou-Gombaki Kyriaki, Tsekeris Perikles, Kyrgias George
1 Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
2 Department of Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Urologia. 2019 Feb;86(1):3-8. doi: 10.1177/0391560318802166. Epub 2018 Oct 1.
: Renal cell carcinoma represents a neoplasm with usually aggressive behavior. Due to its nature, it is often diagnosed in an advanced stage or when metastatic dissemination has been occurred. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma and briefly discuss the potential new therapeutic strategies for this disease.
: Review of the literature was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, and EMBASE and we included English articles up to February 2018.
: Over the past years, many efforts have been made in the context of confronting metastatic disease and led to the introduction of targeted therapies. More available agent options, including various tyrosine kinase inhibitors and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, can be served nowadays as the first-, second-, and third-line therapy in the metastatic setting of the disease providing better outcomes.
: Moreover, regarding the recent advances in the field of cancer immunotherapy, the landscape of metastatic renal cell carcinoma management is being shaped toward novel immunotherapeutic interventions alone or in combination with other types of therapy.
肾细胞癌是一种通常具有侵袭性的肿瘤。由于其特性，它常常在晚期或发生转移扩散时才被诊断出来。本综述的目的是概述转移性肾细胞癌的当前治疗方法，并简要讨论该疾病潜在的新治疗策略。
在PubMed/MEDLINE、Cochrane和EMBASE数据库中进行文献检索，纳入截至2018年2月的英文文章。
在过去几年中，针对转移性疾病进行了诸多努力，并引入了靶向治疗。如今，更多可用的药物选择，包括各种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂和雷帕霉素靶蛋白抑制剂，可作为该疾病转移性情况下的一线、二线和三线治疗，带来更好的治疗效果。
此外，鉴于癌症免疫治疗领域的最新进展，转移性肾细胞癌的治疗格局正朝着单独或与其他类型治疗联合的新型免疫治疗干预方向发展。
