Van Bavel Jan, Klesment Martin, Beaujouan Eva, Brzozowska Zuzanna, Puur Allan, Reher David, Requena Miguel, Sandström Glenn, Sobotka Tomáš, Zeman Kryštof
a University of Leuven (KU Leuven).
b Tallinn University.
Popul Stud (Camb). 2018 Nov;72(3):283-304. doi: 10.1080/00324728.2018.1498223. Epub 2018 Oct 3.
In Europe and the United States, women's educational attainment started to increase around the middle of the twentieth century. The expected implication was fertility decline and postponement, whereas in fact the opposite occurred. We analyse trends in the quantum of cohort fertility among the baby boom generations in 15 countries and how these relate to women's education. Over the 1901-45 cohorts, the proportion of parents with exactly two children rose steadily and homogeneity in family sizes increased. Progression to a third child and beyond declined in all the countries, continuing the ongoing trends of the fertility transition. In countries with a baby boom, and especially among women with post-primary education, this was compensated for by decreasing childlessness and increasing progression to a second child. These changes, linked to earlier stages of the fertility transition, laid the foundations for later fertility patterns associated with the gender revolution.
在欧洲和美国，女性的教育程度在20世纪中叶左右开始提高。预期的影响是生育率下降和生育推迟，而实际情况却相反。我们分析了15个国家婴儿潮一代的同期群生育数量趋势，以及这些趋势与女性教育的关系。在1901年至1945年出生的同期群中，育有两个孩子的父母比例稳步上升，家庭规模的同质性增加。在所有国家，生育第三个及更多孩子的比例都有所下降，延续了生育转变的现有趋势。在出现婴儿潮的国家，尤其是受过小学后教育的女性中，这一情况因无子女率下降和生育第二个孩子的比例增加而得到弥补。这些与生育转变早期阶段相关的变化，为后来与性别革命相关的生育模式奠定了基础。
