Department of Food and Environmental Chemistry, National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, ul. Kollataja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Dec;25(34):34181-34189. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3336-9. Epub 2018 Oct 4.
The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of total mercury (THg), methylmercury (CHHg), and inorganic mercury (Hg) in the tissues and organs of fish depending on species, tissue, and organ, and their bioaccumulation in tissues and biomagnification throughout the trophic web. The study included four species of fish (herring, sprat, cod, and eel) from the southern Baltic Sea. The concentrations of the different forms of mercury were determined in tissues and internal organs. Intra-specific differences in levels of THg, CHHg, and Hg in the tissues and organs were determined. Muscle contained the highest proportions of THg and CHHg in comparison to that in the internal organs. Differences in concentrations of THg, CHHg, and Hg in the tissues and organs of fish were related to their preferred prey. The bioaccumulation of CHHg+ in the tissues and organs of predatory fish at the highest trophic levels was greater than in the liver and digestive tract of fish species at lower trophic levels, in which Hg predominated. The high concentrations of CHHg in eel and cod and the low levels in herring and sprat were linked with their food and the transfer of this element among species. The results suggested that the type of food, feeding habits, and trophic position were important parameters that influenced the transfer and biomagnification of mercury in fish.
本研究旨在确定总汞（THg）、甲基汞（CHHg）和无机汞（Hg）在鱼类组织和器官中的分布情况，根据物种、组织和器官的不同而有所差异，以及它们在组织中的生物积累和整个营养级联中的生物放大作用。本研究包括来自波罗的海南部的四种鱼类（鲱鱼、鲱鱼、鳕鱼和鳗鱼）。不同形式的汞的浓度在组织和内脏器官中进行了测定。确定了同种鱼类组织和器官中 THg、CHHg 和 Hg 的含量差异。与内部器官相比，肌肉组织中 THg 和 CHHg 的含量最高。鱼类组织和器官中 THg、CHHg 和 Hg 浓度的差异与它们偏爱的猎物有关。在营养级较高的肉食性鱼类的组织和器官中，CHHg+的生物积累量大于营养级较低的鱼类的肝脏和消化道，而在这些鱼类中 Hg 则占主导地位。鳗鱼和鳕鱼中 CHHg 的浓度较高，而鲱鱼和鲱鱼中的浓度较低，这与它们的食物以及该元素在物种间的转移有关。研究结果表明，食物类型、饮食习惯和营养位置是影响鱼类中汞转移和生物放大的重要参数。
