Liakopoulos Vassilios, Roumeliotis Stefanos, Zarogiannis Sotirios, Eleftheriadis Theodoros, Mertens Peter R
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
Semin Dial. 2019 Jan;32(1):58-71. doi: 10.1111/sdi.12745. Epub 2018 Oct 4.
Oxidative stress (OS) is the result of prooxidant molecules overwhelming the antioxidant defense mechanisms. Hemodialysis (HD) constitutes a state of elevated inflammation and OS, due to loss of antioxidants during dialysis and activation of white blood cells triggering production of reactive oxygen species. Dialysis vintage, dialysis methods, and type and condition of vascular access, biocompatibility of dialyzer membrane and dialysate, iron administration, and anemia all can play a role in aggravating OS, which in turn has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Oral or intravenous administration of antioxidants may detoxify the oxidative molecules and at least in part repair OS-mediated tissue damage. Lifestyle interventions and optimization of a highly biocompatible HD procedure might ameliorate OS development in dialysis.
氧化应激（OS）是促氧化分子压倒抗氧化防御机制的结果。血液透析（HD）会导致炎症和氧化应激加剧，这是由于透析过程中抗氧化剂的流失以及白细胞的激活触发了活性氧的产生。透析时间、透析方法、血管通路的类型和状况、透析器膜和透析液的生物相容性、铁的给药以及贫血都可能在加重氧化应激方面发挥作用，而氧化应激又与发病率和死亡率的增加有关。口服或静脉注射抗氧化剂可能会使氧化分子解毒，并至少部分修复氧化应激介导的组织损伤。生活方式干预和优化具有高度生物相容性的血液透析程序可能会改善透析过程中的氧化应激发展。
