Double Sequential Defibrillation.

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the most commonly encountered arrhythmia following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Previous studies have demonstrated early defibrillation and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation as essential in reducing patient mortality. What remains a clinical concern, however, is the treatment of patients experiencing VF refractory to defibrillation. Although current guidelines advocate pharmacotherapy for the management of shock-refractory VF, double sequential defibrillation has become a popular topic of discussion. This article provides a discourse regarding refractory VF, and a review of double sequential defibrillation literature. Further study is required before the recommendation for widespread implementation of this defibrillation technique.