Conversano Ciro, Marchi Laura, Rebecca Ciacchini, Carmassi Claudia, Contena Bastianina, Bazzichi Laura Maria, Gemignani Angelo
Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, Critical and Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2018 Sep 28;14:223-232. doi: 10.2174/1745017901814010223. eCollection 2018.
Fibromyalgia (FM) is the second most common rheumatic disease with many effects on patient's quality of life. It has been described as a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculo-skeletal pain, sleep disorders and prominent fatigue. Regarding the role of personality factors in fibromyalgia, researchers have focused both on personality traits and psychopathological aspects showing inconsistent results. In particular, several studies have examined the role of alexithymia in FM patients, a trait of personality characterized by difficulty in identification, recognition and description of emotions and feelings, while others have focused on a specific type of personality, such as type D personality (distressed personality). Other studies investigated personality in FM patients referring to Cloninger's model, a psychobiological model of personality that includes both temperamental and character dimensions of personality. Analyzing scientific literature on this subject seems well suited to provide a critical review of the latest studies and their results.
The method used for this review satisfies the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We identified PsycInfo and PubMed as databases for our research.
Personality is studied under many aspects and a reference model is not always present. Many studies underline high levels of alexithymia and type D personality in FM patients but when depression is controlled, these results do not differ from those of healthy controls.
Studies that use a comprehensive model of personality present a different theoretical approach and use alternatively the Big-Five model, Eysenck's and Cloninger's models. The use of a comprehensive model of personality and the control of psychopathological disorders, such as anxiety and depression, seem to be very relevant for a better understanding of a specific personality profile associated with fibromyalgia.
纤维肌痛（FM）是第二常见的风湿性疾病，对患者的生活质量有诸多影响。它被描述为一种慢性病，其特征为广泛的肌肉骨骼疼痛、睡眠障碍和明显的疲劳。关于人格因素在纤维肌痛中的作用，研究人员既关注人格特质，也关注精神病理学方面，但结果并不一致。特别是，多项研究考察了述情障碍在纤维肌痛患者中的作用，述情障碍是一种人格特质，表现为难以识别、认识和描述情感与感受，而其他研究则聚焦于特定类型的人格，如D型人格（苦恼人格）。其他研究在提及克隆宁格模型（一种包括人格的气质和性格维度的人格心理生物学模型）的情况下，对纤维肌痛患者的人格进行了调查。分析关于这一主题的科学文献似乎非常适合对最新研究及其结果进行批判性综述。
本综述所采用的方法符合系统评价与荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）。我们将PsycInfo和PubMed确定为研究数据库。
从多个方面对人格进行了研究，且并不总是存在一个参考模型。许多研究强调纤维肌痛患者中述情障碍和D型人格的水平较高，但在控制抑郁后，这些结果与健康对照组并无差异。
使用全面人格模型的研究呈现出不同的理论方法，并交替使用大五人格模型、艾森克模型和克隆宁格模型。使用全面人格模型以及控制焦虑和抑郁等精神病理障碍，对于更好地理解与纤维肌痛相关的特定人格特征似乎非常重要。
