Dept. of Built Environment, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Biotechnol Prog. 2019 Jan;35(1):e2708. doi: 10.1002/btpr.2708. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
The effect of antibiotics sulfadiazine and trimethoprim on activated sludge operated at 8°C was investigated. Performance and microbial communities of sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) and Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) were compared before and after the exposure of antibiotics to the synthetic wastewater. The results revealed irreversible negative effect of these antibiotics in environmentally relevant concentrations on nitrifying microbial community of SBR activated sludge. In opposite, MBR sludge demonstrated fast adaptation and more stable performance during the antibiotics exposure. Dynamics of microbial community was greatly affected by presence of antibiotics. Bacteria from classes Betaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes demonstrated the potential to develop antibiotic resistance in both wastewater treatment systems while Actinobacteria disappeared from all of the reactors after 60 days of antibiotics exposure. Altogether, results showed that operational parameters such as sludge retention time (SRT) and reactor configuration had great effect on microbial community composition of activated sludge and its vulnerability to antibiotics. Operation at long SRT allowed archaea, including ammonium oxidizing species (AOA) such as Nitrososphaera viennensis to grow in MBRs. AOA could have an important role in stable nitrification performance of MBR-activated sludge as a result of tolerance of archaea to antibiotics. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2708, 2019.
研究了抗生素磺胺嘧啶和甲氧芐氨嘧啶对 8°C 下运行的活性污泥的影响。比较了暴露于抗生素前后，间歇式活性污泥法（SBR）和膜生物反应器（MBR）中合成废水的性能和微生物群落。结果表明，在环境相关浓度下，这些抗生素对 SBR 活性污泥中硝化微生物群落具有不可逆的负面影响。相反，MBR 污泥在抗生素暴露期间表现出快速适应和更稳定的性能。微生物群落的动态受到抗生素的极大影响。β变形菌纲和拟杆菌纲的细菌在两种废水处理系统中均表现出产生抗生素抗性的潜力，而在抗生素暴露 60 天后，所有反应器中的放线菌都消失了。总的来说，结果表明，操作参数（如污泥停留时间（SRT）和反应器配置）对活性污泥的微生物群落组成及其对抗生素的脆弱性有很大影响。在长 SRT 下运行，可使古菌，包括氨氧化物种（AOA）如硝化螺旋菌属（Nitrososphaera viennensis）在 MBR 中生长。由于古菌对抗生素的耐受性，AOA 可能在 MBR 活性污泥稳定硝化性能中发挥重要作用。©2018 美国化学工程师协会生物技术进展，35:e2708，2019。
