1 Basic Biobehavioral and Psychological Sciences Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
2 Stanford Graduate School of Education, CA, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2019 Aug;23(3):285-304. doi: 10.1177/1088868318797036. Epub 2018 Oct 7.
Self-affirmation-a theory-based technique to affirm the adaptive adequacy of the self-can promote positive behavior change and adaptive outcomes, although effects are variable. We extend a novel framework (Trigger and Channel), proposing three conditions that facilitate self-affirmation-induced behavior change: (a) presence of psychological threat, (b) presence of resources to foster change, and (c) timeliness of the self-affirmation with respect to threat and resources. Using health behavior as a focus, we present meta-analytic evidence demonstrating that when these conditions are met, self-affirmation acts as a psychological trigger into a positive channel of resources that facilitate behavior change. The presence of a timely threat and the availability of timely resources independently predicted larger self-affirmation effects on behavior change, and the two interacted synergistically to predict still larger effects. The results illustrate the conditionality of self-affirmation effects and offer guidelines for when, where, and for whom self-affirmation will be most effective.
自我肯定——一种基于理论的自我肯定技术，可以促进积极的行为改变和适应性结果，尽管效果是可变的。我们扩展了一个新的框架（触发和渠道），提出了三个有利于自我肯定引起行为改变的条件：（a）存在心理威胁，（b）存在促进变化的资源，以及（c）自我肯定与威胁和资源的及时性。以健康行为为重点，我们提出了元分析证据，证明当这些条件得到满足时，自我肯定作为一种心理触发因素，进入一个积极的资源渠道，促进行为改变。及时的威胁和及时的资源的存在独立地预测了更大的自我肯定对行为改变的影响，两者协同作用，预测了更大的影响。结果说明了自我肯定效果的条件性，并为何时、何地以及对谁来说自我肯定最有效提供了指导。
