Okonko Iheanyi O, Anyanwu Amaoge, U Osadebe Anwuli, N Odu Ngozi
a Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science , University of Port Harcourt , Choba , Nigeria.
b Department of Microbiology Technology , School of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Port Harcourt , Choba , Nigeria.
J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2018;39(6):636-646. doi: 10.1080/15321819.2018.1529681. Epub 2018 Oct 8.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) are considered as key players in the global health scene. This study sought to determine the prevalence of TB among HIV-positive attendees of the Directly Observed Treatment of Short Course (DOTS) program at the military hospital in Port Harcourt. The association of HIV prevalence with gender and age as risk factors was also determined. A total of 200 patients aged 15-65 years were screened. Re-screening for HIV was done for confirmation. The overall prevalence for anti-TB antibodies amongst HIV-positive individuals was 14.0% (7.5% in males and 6.5% in females) while HIV prevalence following re-screening was 92%. It was observed that based on employment status and level of education, the highest HIV prevalence was seen in unemployed individuals and individuals with no formal education. The result showed that 29.9% of the HIV seropositives were males while 70.1% were females. Sex-related prevalence of HIV-TB coinfection within groups indicated significantly higher co-infection rates (P < 0.05) among males (23.1%) than females (9.6%). Age-related prevalence of HIV-TB coinfection within groups showed that co-infection was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in ages below 30 years (21.2%) than in their counterparts 30 years and above (9.6%). This study confirmed the presence of TB co-infections among HIV-positive individuals in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Considering the role of TB in driving the HIV pandemic, it is imperative that HIV-positive patients are screened for TB infection regularly to reduce the scale of active HIV-TB co-infection.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和结核病（TB）被视为全球卫生领域的关键因素。本研究旨在确定哈科特港军事医院直接观察短程治疗（DOTS）项目中HIV阳性参与者的结核病患病率。还确定了HIV患病率与作为风险因素的性别和年龄之间的关联。总共对200名年龄在15至65岁之间的患者进行了筛查。为进行确认，对HIV进行了重新筛查。HIV阳性个体中抗结核抗体的总体患病率为14.0%（男性为7.5%，女性为6.5%），而重新筛查后的HIV患病率为92%。据观察，基于就业状况和教育水平，HIV患病率最高的是失业个体和未接受正规教育的个体。结果显示，HIV血清阳性者中29.9%为男性，70.1%为女性。各性别组内HIV-TB合并感染的患病率表明，男性（23.1%）的合并感染率显著高于女性（9.6%）（P<0.05）。各年龄组内HIV-TB合并感染的患病率显示，30岁以下年龄组（21.2%）的合并感染率显著高于30岁及以上年龄组（9.6%）（P<0.05）。本研究证实了尼日利亚哈科特港HIV阳性个体中存在TB合并感染。考虑到TB在推动HIV大流行中的作用，必须定期对HIV阳性患者进行TB感染筛查，以降低活动性HIV-TB合并感染的规模。
