Key Lab of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Science and Technology and Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring & Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Plant Dis. 2018 Dec;102(12):2578-2585. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-02-18-0244-RE. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of gray mold, can result in considerable preharvest and postharvest losses in many economically valuable plant species. Fungicides were widely used to minimize such losses, but fungicide resistances were detected frequently. In the present study, we collected 164 isolates from nectarine and cherry in China and tested the sensitivity to six fungicides. Among the tested isolates, 71 (43.3%) were resistant to azoxystrobin, 14 (8.5%) to cyprodinil, 7 (4.3%) to boscalid, 4 (2.4%) to carbendazim, 1 (0.6%) to iprodione, and no isolates were found to be resistant to fludioxonil. The EC value and resistance factor (RF) of resistant isolates were determined. Fitness analysis showed that there were no significant differences between sensitive and resistant isolates for osmotic stress and pathogenicity, while more conidia production was observed for some resistant isolates. Control efficacy of fungicides showed that the resistant isolates could not be controlled efficiently by using corresponding fungicides. The point mutation G143A was detected in the Cyt b gene of the isolates resistant to azoxystrobin, while the point mutation H272R of SdhB gene was confirmed in boscalid-resistant isolates, and mutations E198V/A of TUB2 gene and mutation I365S of BcOs1 occurred in carbendazim-resistant and iprodione-resistant isolates, respectively. These results indicate that the occurrence of fungicide resistance greatly threatens the management of gray mold on stone fruits nectarine and cherry.
灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）是引起灰霉病的病原菌，可导致许多经济价值较高的植物物种在采前和采后遭受重大损失。杀菌剂被广泛用于最大限度地减少此类损失，但频繁检测到杀菌剂抗性。本研究从中国的油桃和樱桃中采集了 164 个分离株，并测试了对六种杀菌剂的敏感性。在所测试的分离株中，有 71 个（43.3%）对唑菌胺酯产生抗性，14 个（8.5%）对啶菌恶唑产生抗性，7 个（4.3%）对肟菌酯产生抗性，4 个（2.4%）对多菌灵产生抗性，1 个（0.6%）对异菌脲产生抗性，没有分离株对氟唑菌酰胺产生抗性。测定了抗性分离株的 EC 值和抗性因子（RF）。适应性分析表明，敏感和抗性分离株在渗透胁迫和致病性方面没有显著差异，而一些抗性分离株产生了更多的分生孢子。杀菌剂的防治效果表明，使用相应的杀菌剂无法有效防治抗性分离株。在对唑菌胺酯产生抗性的分离株中检测到 Cyt b 基因的点突变 G143A，而在对肟菌酯产生抗性的分离株中证实了 SdhB 基因的点突变 H272R，在对多菌灵产生抗性的分离株中检测到 TUB2 基因的点突变 E198V/A 和 BcOs1 基因的点突变 I365S，在对异菌脲产生抗性的分离株中则分别检测到 TUB2 基因的点突变 E198V/A 和 BcOs1 基因的点突变 I365S。这些结果表明，杀菌剂抗性的发生极大地威胁了油桃和樱桃灰霉病的防治。
