Institute of Public Policy and Management, National Economics University, 207 Giai Phong Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
Faculty of Mathematical Economics, National Economics University, 207 Giai Phong Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
Soc Sci Med. 2019 May;229:32-40. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.09.054. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
Productive activities are crucial factors leading to an "active aging" population. With the case of Vietnam, this paper aimed to explore the productive activities among Vietnamese older people by using data from the Vietnam Aging Survey (VNAS), which was conducted in 2011 as the first-ever nationally representative survey on persons aged 50 and over in Vietnam and contained 2789 older people (those aged 60 and over) representing all older people living in 6 ecological regions and urban and rural areas in Vietnam. Productive activities included working and/or taking care of any (great)grandchild(ren) in the past 12 months prior to the survey. Using paired t-tests and probit models, we compared the differences in these productive activities among older people in terms of sex and living area. The results from various t-tests showed that educational attainment, health status and poverty status were key factors differentiating older men and women and rural and urban older people in these productive activities. For the probit estimations in terms of both gender and living location, the results indicated that age, education, health status and supportive children were determinants of working decision, while age, marital status and size of household were consistently important factors of taking care of (great)grandchildren. The paper also discussed policy implications for socio-economic and health protection in promoting older people's productive activities as well as protecting them from a variety of risks and vulnerabilities.
生产性活动是导致人口“积极老龄化”的关键因素。以越南为例，本文旨在通过使用越南老龄化调查（VNAS）的数据来探讨越南老年人的生产性活动，该调查于 2011 年进行，是越南首次对 50 岁及以上人群进行的全国代表性调查，共包含 2789 名老年人（60 岁及以上），代表了越南所有居住在 6 个生态区以及城乡地区的老年人。生产性活动包括在调查前的 12 个月内从事或照顾任何（外）孙子女的活动。使用配对 t 检验和概率模型，我们比较了不同性别和居住地区的老年人在这些生产性活动方面的差异。各种 t 检验的结果表明，教育程度、健康状况和贫困状况是区分老年男性和女性以及农村和城市老年人在这些生产性活动方面的关键因素。就性别和居住地点而言，概率模型估计的结果表明，年龄、教育、健康状况和子女支持是工作决策的决定因素，而年龄、婚姻状况和家庭规模是照顾（外）孙子女的重要因素。本文还讨论了促进老年人生产性活动以及保护他们免受各种风险和脆弱性的社会经济和健康保护政策的影响。
