Division of Gynecological Oncology, Groote Schuur Hospital/University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
South African Medical Research Council/University of Cape Town Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre (SA MRC/UCT GCRC), Cape Town, South Africa.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018 Oct;143 Suppl 2:4-13. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12609.
Vulvar cancer is an uncommon gynecological malignancy primarily affecting postmenopausal women. There is no specific screening and the most effective strategy to reduce vulvar cancer incidence is the opportune treatment of predisposing and preneoplastic lesions associated with its development. While vulvar cancer may be asymptomatic, most women present with vulvar pruritus or pain, or have noticed a lump or ulcer. Therefore, any suspicious vulvar lesion should be biopsied to exclude invasion. Once established, the most common subtype is squamous cell carcinoma. Treatment of vulvar cancer depends primarily on histology and surgical staging. Treatment is predominantly surgical, particularly for squamous cell carcinoma, although concurrent chemoradiation is an effective alternative, particularly for advanced tumors. Management should be individualized, and carried out by a multidisciplinary team in a cancer center experienced in the treatment of these tumors.
外阴癌是一种罕见的妇科恶性肿瘤，主要影响绝经后妇女。目前尚无特定的筛查方法，降低外阴癌发病率的最有效策略是及时治疗与该病发生相关的诱发和癌前病变。尽管外阴癌可能无症状，但大多数患者表现为外阴瘙痒或疼痛，或发现肿块或溃疡。因此，任何可疑的外阴病变都应进行活检以排除浸润。一旦确立，最常见的亚型是鳞状细胞癌。外阴癌的治疗主要取决于组织学和外科分期。治疗主要是手术，特别是对于鳞状细胞癌，尽管同步放化疗也是一种有效的替代方法，特别是对于晚期肿瘤。治疗应个体化，并由在这些肿瘤治疗方面经验丰富的多学科团队在癌症中心进行。
