Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene& Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Trop Med Int Health. 2018 Dec;23(12):1364-1373. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13163. Epub 2018 Oct 31.
To quantify stated preferences for latrine use and construction in Amhara, Ethiopia, using Discrete Choice Experiments (DCEs).
We conducted image-based DCEs to assess preferences for latrine use (stratified by gender) and construction (among men only) in Amhara, Ethiopia. Preference was quantified using a conditional logistic model to estimate utilities and corresponding odds ratios associated with a set of latrine attributes.
For latrine use, tin roof, handwashing stations and clean latrines had the highest relative utility coefficients. Tin roof was preferred to no roof for use (Women: OR: 3.68, 95% CI: 3.18-4.25; Men: OR: 3.75, 95% CI: 3.21-4.39) and new latrine construction (5.92, 5.04-6.95). Concrete slabs, a critical aspect of improved sanitation, was not preferred to dirt floors for use (Women: 0.87, 0.75-1.00; Men: 1.03, 0.88-1.20), but was preferred for new construction (1.52, 1.30-1.78). We did not observe any trends in preference for direct (monetary) or indirect cost (labour days), so we were not able to elicit trade-offs between latrine attributes and these costs for the construction of new latrines.
Our findings suggest similar latrine use preferences between men and women. We found that tin roofs are the most strongly preferred latrine characteristic, but concrete slabs, commonly promoted in sanitation programmes, were not preferred for use. We demonstrate the utility of DCEs to elicit stated preferences for latrine use and construction among community members who have myriad motivations for using and making improvements to their sanitation facilities, including the ease of cleaning and hygiene, durability, or privacy and comfort.
使用离散选择实验（DCE）量化埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区人们对厕所使用和建设的偏好。
我们在阿姆哈拉地区开展了基于图像的 DCE，以评估人们对厕所使用（按性别分层）和建设（仅限男性）的偏好。使用条件逻辑模型来量化偏好，以估计与一系列厕所属性相关的效用和相应的优势比。
对于厕所使用，铁皮屋顶、洗手台和干净的厕所具有最高的相对效用系数。铁皮屋顶比没有屋顶更受欢迎，无论是用于使用（女性：OR：3.68，95%CI：3.18-4.25；男性：OR：3.75，95%CI：3.21-4.39）还是新厕所建设（5.92，5.04-6.95）。混凝土板是改善卫生的一个关键方面，但它不如泥土地板受欢迎，用于使用（女性：0.87，0.75-1.00；男性：1.03，0.88-1.20），但用于新建设（1.52，1.30-1.78）则更受欢迎。我们没有观察到对直接（货币）或间接成本（劳动日）的偏好趋势，因此我们无法在新厕所建设中权衡厕所属性与这些成本之间的关系。
我们的研究结果表明，男性和女性对厕所使用具有相似的偏好。我们发现，铁皮屋顶是最受欢迎的厕所特征，但在卫生方案中广泛推广的混凝土板并不受欢迎用于使用。我们展示了 DCE 用于在具有众多使用和改善卫生设施动机的社区成员中得出对厕所使用和建设的偏好的效用，这些动机包括清洁和卫生的便利性、耐用性、隐私和舒适度等。
