Plant Science Research Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Montreal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal H1X 2B2, QC, Canada.
Plant Science Research Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Montreal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal H1X 2B2, QC, Canada.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2019 Feb;47:56-63. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2018.09.008. Epub 2018 Oct 8.
The growth of individual cells underlies the development of biological forms. In plants, cells are interconnected by rigid walls, fixing their position with respect to one another and generating mechanical feedbacks between cells. Current research is shedding new light on how plant growth is controlled by physical inputs at the level of individual cells and growing tissues. In this review, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of the cellular basis of growth from a biomechanical perspective. We describe the role of the cell wall and turgor pressure in growth and highlight the often-overlooked role of cell geometry in this process. It is becoming apparent that a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches is required to answer new emerging questions in the biomechanics of plant morphogenesis. We summarise how this multidisciplinary approach brings us closer to a unified understanding of the generation of biological forms in plants.
个体细胞的生长是生物形态发育的基础。在植物中，细胞通过刚性细胞壁相互连接，固定彼此的位置，并在细胞之间产生机械反馈。目前的研究正在揭示植物生长是如何受到单个细胞和生长组织水平的物理输入控制的。在这篇综述中，我们从生物力学的角度讨论了我们对生长的细胞基础的理解的最新进展。我们描述了细胞壁和膨压在生长中的作用，并强调了细胞几何形状在这个过程中经常被忽视的作用。显然，需要结合实验和理论方法来回答植物形态发生生物力学中出现的新问题。我们总结了这种多学科方法如何使我们更接近对植物生物形态生成的统一理解。
