McConkey Roy, Sinclair Marlene, Walsh-Gallagher Dympna
School of Health Sciences.
School of Nursing,University of Ulster,Newtownabbey,BT37 0QB,Northern,Ireland.
Ir J Psychol Med. 2005 Mar;22(1):10-14. doi: 10.1017/S0790966700008727.
People with intellectual disabilities are increasingly living in more domestic style accommodation, either in housing provided within a specialised campus setting or in ordinary houses in community settings. The main objective of the study was to determine if the extent of residents' involvement with their families and with the local community varied when they resided in campus settings (n = 55) or community housing (n = 51) and to investigate the main predictors of this involvement.
With the resident's permission, their key-workers - mainly nurses - completed standard questionnaires that covered resident characteristics, contact with families and a range of life experiences.
Although the type of accommodation did have a significant effect on residents' social inclusion in families and communities, the best predictor of this was the individual's level of dependency in personal self-care. Those who were more dependent tended to be more excluded.
Staff working with more dependent residents need to proactively promote their social inclusion although this could be harder to achieve for those living in campus style settings.
智障人士越来越多地居住在更具家庭风格的住所中，要么是在专门校园环境中提供的住房里，要么是在社区环境中的普通房屋里。该研究的主要目的是确定居民居住在校园环境（n = 55）或社区住房（n = 51）时，他们与家人及当地社区的参与程度是否存在差异，并调查这种参与的主要预测因素。
在获得居民许可后，他们的关键工作者——主要是护士——完成了涵盖居民特征、与家人的联系以及一系列生活经历的标准问卷。
尽管住所类型确实对居民在家庭和社区中的社会融入有显著影响，但对此的最佳预测因素是个人在个人自我护理方面的依赖程度。依赖性更强的人往往被排斥得更厉害。
与依赖性更强的居民打交道的工作人员需要积极促进他们的社会融入，尽管对于居住在校园风格环境中的人来说，这可能更难实现。
