DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., R&D Human Nutrition and Health, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Microbiology and Systems Biology, 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Oct 10;19(10):3097. doi: 10.3390/ijms19103097.
Recently, the concept of prebiotics has been revisited to expand beyond non-digestible oligosaccharides, and the requirements for selective stimulation were extended to include microbial groups other than, and additional to, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Here, the gut microbiota-modulating effects of well-known and novel prebiotics were studied. An fermentation screening platform (i-screen) was inoculated with adult fecal microbiota, exposed to different dietary fibers that had a range of concentrations (inulin, alpha-linked galacto-oligosaccharides (alpha-GOS), beta-linked GOS, xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) from corn cobs and high-fiber sugar cane, and beta-glucan from oats), and compared to a positive fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) control and a negative control (no fiber addition). All dietary fibers displayed prebiotic activity, with beta-glucan showing more distinct effects on the microbial composition and metabolism compared to the other fibers. Beta-glucan induced the growth of and with a concomitant increase in propionate production. Inulin and both forms of GOS and XOS had a strong bifidogenic effect on the microbial composition. A dose-response effect was observed for butyrate when exposed to beta-glucan and inulin. The findings of this study support the potential for alpha-GOS, XOS, and oat beta-glucan to serve as novel prebiotics, due to their association with the positive shifts in microbiome composition and short-chain fatty acid production that point to potential health benefits.
最近，人们重新审视了益生元的概念，将其扩展到非可消化低聚糖之外，并将选择性刺激的要求扩展到包括双歧杆菌和乳杆菌以外的微生物群体。在这里，研究了众所周知和新型益生元对肠道微生物群的调节作用。使用成人粪便微生物群接种发酵筛选平台（i-screen），并将其暴露于不同浓度的膳食纤维（菊粉、α-连接半乳糖低聚糖（α-GOS）、β-连接 GOS、玉米芯来源的木低聚糖（XOS）和高纤维甘蔗以及燕麦来源的β-葡聚糖），并与阳性对照果糖低聚糖（FOS）和阴性对照（不添加纤维）进行比较。所有膳食纤维都显示出益生元活性，与其他纤维相比，β-葡聚糖对微生物组成和代谢的影响更为明显。β-葡聚糖诱导 和 的生长，同时丙酸产量增加。菊粉和两种形式的 GOS 和 XOS 对微生物组成具有强烈的双歧杆菌作用。当β-葡聚糖和菊粉暴露于丁酸时，观察到剂量反应效应。本研究的结果支持α-GOS、XOS 和燕麦β-葡聚糖作为新型益生元的潜力，因为它们与微生物组组成和短链脂肪酸产生的积极变化相关，这表明它们可能具有健康益处。
