Erickson Molly L, Phillips Payton
Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Knoxville, Tennessee.
Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Knoxville, Tennessee.
J Voice. 2020 Mar;34(2):231-242. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.08.010. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: Previous research has shown that listeners are unable to identify who is singing across pitch when the voices are unfamiliar to them. Implementing a very short training period, however, greatly improves this ability, but only when the voices being compared are of different voice category. The objective of this study was to determine whether experienced listeners with highly developed knowledge of voice categories can more easily discriminate between singers across pitch.
METHODS/DESIGN: This study used an ABX paradigm where listeners heard two different singers singing "ah" at the same pitch. Listeners identified which of the two singers produced a third "ah" at a different pitch. Stimuli were recorded from two baritones, two tenors, two mezzo-sopranos, and two sopranos across a 1.5 octave range. Data were collected from 42 inexperienced listeners and 27 experienced listeners.
Experienced listeners were better at singer discrimination across pitch than were inexperienced listeners for all conditions except same-category comparisons at the interval of the third. Experienced listeners were better at singer discrimination across pitch than were slightly trained listeners for all conditions except same-category female singers at all pitch intervals.
The ability to discriminate singers across pitch is the greatest for experienced listeners, followed by slightly trained inexperienced listeners, followed by inexperienced listeners.
目的/假设：先前的研究表明，当听众对声音不熟悉时，他们无法识别跨音高唱歌的人是谁。然而，实施非常短的训练期能极大地提高这种能力，但前提是被比较的声音属于不同的声部类别。本研究的目的是确定对声部类别有深入了解的有经验的听众是否能更轻松地跨音高区分歌手。
方法/设计：本研究采用ABX范式，让听众听两位不同的歌手在相同音高上唱“啊”。听众要识别出两位歌手中哪一位在不同音高上唱出了第三个“啊”。刺激音是从两名男中音、两名男高音、两名女中音和两名女高音在1.5个八度范围内录制的。数据收集自42名无经验的听众和27名有经验的听众。
除了在大三度音程的同类别比较外，在所有情况下，有经验的听众在跨音高区分歌手方面都比无经验的听众表现更好。除了在所有音程的同类别女歌手比较外，在所有情况下，有经验的听众在跨音高区分歌手方面都比经过轻微训练的听众表现更好。
跨音高区分歌手的能力在有经验的听众中最强，其次是经过轻微训练的无经验听众，最后是无经验听众。
