Campuzano Emmanuel F, Ibarra-nÚÑez Guillermo
Colección de Arácnidos del Sureste de México, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad Tapachula. Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto km. 2.5, C. P. 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, México..
Zootaxa. 2018 Aug 9;4457(3):495-500. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4457.3.13.
Wirada Keyserling, 1886 is one of the smallest genera of Theridiidae with only five South American species (World Spider Catalog 2018). Keyserling (1886) described first Wirada punctata (male) from Peru. Simon (1895) described W. rugithorax and W. tovarensis (males) from Venezuela, but Levi (1963) synonymized W. rugithorax with W. punctata. Later, Levi (1967) described W. tijuca (male) from southeastern Brazil, and lately Lise et al. (2009) described W. sigillata Lise, Silva Bertocello, 2009 and W. araucaria Lise, Silva Bertocello, 2009 (males and females) from southern Brazil. Simon (1894) placed Wirada in its group Histogonieae, and stated it is close to Pholcommateae. Until now, none species of Wirada has been included in any phylogenetic study of Theridiidae, only Agnarsson (2004) when commented the Pholcommatinae said "Based on the synapomorphies of the group it is likely that ... Wirada belong to this subfamily." Recently, this genus was reported (as Wirada sp1) from two localities in Mexico (Ibarra et al. 2011; Álvarez-Padilla 2015; Rivera-Quiroz et al. 2016) and subsequent samplings on three other sites from Chiapas (Campuzano et al. 2016) exposed more specimens. After examining these specimens, we found they do not match any of the known species and therefore we propose a new species. We also include taxonomic and biological notes about the genus and a key to the species.
维拉达蛛属（Wirada Keyserling, 1886）是球蛛科中最小的属之一，仅包含五个南美洲物种（世界蜘蛛名录，2018）。凯泽林（1886）首次描述了来自秘鲁的点斑维拉达蛛（雄性）。西蒙（1895）描述了来自委内瑞拉的具瘤维拉达蛛和托瓦拉达蛛（雄性），但利维（1963）将具瘤维拉达蛛与点斑维拉达蛛同义。后来，利维（1967）描述了来自巴西东南部的蒂茹卡维拉达蛛（雄性），最近，利塞等人（2009）描述了来自巴西南部的西格利亚维拉达蛛（利塞、席尔瓦·贝托切洛，2009）和南洋杉维拉达蛛（利塞、席尔瓦·贝托切洛，2009）（雄性和雌性）。西蒙（1894）将维拉达蛛属置于其组织 Histogonieae 中，并指出它与光胸蛛科相近。到目前为止，维拉达蛛属的任何物种都未被纳入球蛛科的任何系统发育研究中，只有阿格纳松（2004）在评论光胸蛛亚科时说“基于该类群的共同衍征，维拉达蛛属很可能属于这个亚科”。最近，在墨西哥的两个地点报道了该属（作为维拉达蛛属物种1）（伊瓦拉等人，2011；阿尔瓦雷斯 - 帕迪利亚，2015；里维拉 - 基罗斯等人，2016），随后在恰帕斯州的其他三个地点进行采样（坎普萨诺等人，2016）发现了更多标本。检查这些标本后，我们发现它们与任何已知物种都不匹配，因此我们提出了一个新物种。我们还包括了关于该属的分类学和生物学注释以及物种检索表。
